El-Sayed Ashraf M, Bunn Barry
Canterbury Agriculture & Science Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, 74 Gerald St, Lincoln, 7608, New Zealand.
The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Batchelar Road, Palmerston North, 4474, New Zealand.
J Chem Ecol. 2024 Dec;50(12):874-883. doi: 10.1007/s10886-023-01446-x. Epub 2023 Jul 21.
The broom twig miner, Leucoptera spartifoliella (Hübner) is a highly specific biological control agent for the Scotch broom, Cytisus scoparius (L.). Cytisus scoparius has become a major invasive weed spreading in North America, South America, Australia and both the South and North Island of New Zealand, causing a major disturbance to the ecology of the area where it has been established. Currently, there is no tool available to monitor the population density, dispersal, and establishment of L. spartifoliella. This work was undertaken to identify the sex pheromone of L. spartifoliella and develop a monitoring tool for this biological control agent. Analysis of the extract of the female sex pheromone gland by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and chemical ionization identified a single compound in the extract. Using the mass spectral data and synthesis of candidate compounds, this compound was identified as 5-methylheptadecane. In a field trapping trial, testing various doses (0.01, 0.1 and 1 mg) of 5-methylheptadecane and virgin females as a positive control, the highest male catch obtained was in traps baited with the 1 mg dose. When testing two releasing substrates for the pheromone (i.e. a glass vial containing a cotton ball and another containing white septum), the male catch in a trap baited with a glass vial with the cotton ball was significantly higher than in a trap baited with a white septum. The identification of the sex pheromone of L. spartifoliella will help to detect and determine population densities, distribution, and dispersal of L. spartifoliella.
金雀花细蛾（Leucoptera spartifoliella (Hübner)）是一种针对金雀儿（Cytisus scoparius (L.)）的高度专一性生物防治剂。金雀儿已成为一种主要的入侵杂草，在北美、南美、澳大利亚以及新西兰的南北两岛蔓延，对其入侵地区的生态造成了严重干扰。目前，尚无工具可用于监测金雀花细蛾的种群密度、扩散情况及定殖情况。开展这项工作的目的是鉴定金雀花细蛾的性信息素，并开发一种针对这种生物防治剂的监测工具。通过气相色谱/质谱联用和化学电离对雌性性信息素腺体提取物进行分析，在提取物中鉴定出一种单一化合物。利用质谱数据和候选化合物的合成，该化合物被鉴定为5-甲基十七烷。在田间诱捕试验中，测试了5-甲基十七烷的不同剂量（0.01、0.1和1毫克）以及处女雌蛾作为阳性对照，捕获雄性数量最多的是用1毫克剂量诱饵的诱捕器。在测试性信息素的两种释放基质（即一个装有棉球的玻璃瓶和另一个装有白色隔片的玻璃瓶）时，用装有棉球的玻璃瓶作为诱饵的诱捕器捕获的雄性数量显著高于用白色隔片作为诱饵的诱捕器。鉴定金雀花细蛾的性信息素将有助于检测和确定金雀花细蛾的种群密度、分布和扩散情况。
