Department of Radiology, Xi'an People's Hospital, Xi'an, China.
Schizophrenia Imaging Lab, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
BMC Psychiatry. 2023 Jul 21;23(1):526. doi: 10.1186/s12888-023-04955-x.
Cognitive impairment is the main factor in the poor prognosis of schizophrenia, but its mechanism remains unclear. The inferior parietal lobule (IPL) is related to various clinical symptoms and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. We aimed to explore the relationship between IPL-related functions and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia.
136 schizophrenia patients and 146 demographically matched healthy controls were enrolled for a cross-sectional study. High-spatial-resolution structural and resting-state functional images were acquired to demonstrate the alternations of brain structure and function. At the same time, the digit span and digit symbol coding tasks of the Chinese Wechsler Adult Intelligence Test Revised (WAIS-RC) were utilized in assessing the subjects' cognitive function. Patients were divided into cognitive impairment and normal cognitive groups according to their cognitive score and then compared whether there were differences between the three groups in fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF). In addition, we did a correlation analysis between cognitive function and the fALFF for the left IPL of patients and healthy controls. Based on the Allen Human Brain Atlas, we obtained genes expressed in the left IPL, which were then intersected with the transcriptome-wide association study results and differentially expressed genes in schizophrenia.
Grouping of patients by the backward digit span task and the digit symbol coding task showed differences in fALFF values between healthy controls and cognitive impairment patients (P < 0.05). We found a negative correlation between the backward digit span task score and fALFF of the left IPL in healthy controls (r = - 0.388, P = 0.003), which was not seen in patients (r = 0.203, P = 0.020). In addition, none of the other analyses were statistically significant (P > 0.017). In addition, we found that diacylglycerol kinase ζ (DGKζ) is differentially expressed in the left IPL and associated with schizophrenia.
Our study demonstrates that the left IPL plays a vital role in cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. DGKζ may act as an essential regulator in the left IPL of schizophrenia patients with cognitive impairment.
认知障碍是精神分裂症预后不良的主要因素，但其机制尚不清楚。下顶叶（IPL）与精神分裂症的各种临床症状和认知障碍有关。我们旨在探讨 IPL 相关功能与精神分裂症认知障碍之间的关系。
纳入了 136 名精神分裂症患者和 146 名在人口统计学上匹配的健康对照者进行横断面研究。采集高空间分辨率结构和静息态功能图像，以显示脑结构和功能的改变。同时，采用中国韦氏成人智力量表修订版（WAIS-RC）的数字跨度和数字符号编码任务评估受试者的认知功能。根据认知评分将患者分为认知障碍组和正常认知组，然后比较三组之间左 IPL 的低频振幅分数（fALFF）是否存在差异。此外，我们对患者和健康对照者左 IPL 的认知功能与 fALFF 进行了相关性分析。基于 Allen 人类大脑图谱，我们获得了左 IPL 中表达的基因，然后与全转录组关联研究结果和精神分裂症中的差异表达基因进行了交集。
根据反向数字跨度任务和数字符号编码任务对患者进行分组，发现健康对照组和认知障碍组患者的 fALFF 值存在差异（P<0.05）。我们发现健康对照组的反向数字跨度任务评分与左 IPL 的 fALFF 呈负相关（r=-0.388，P=0.003），但在患者中未见（r=0.203，P=0.020）。此外，其他分析均无统计学意义（P>0.017）。此外，我们发现二酰基甘油激酶 ζ（DGKζ）在左 IPL 中差异表达，并与精神分裂症相关。
我们的研究表明，左 IPL 在精神分裂症认知障碍中起着至关重要的作用。DGKζ 可能作为认知障碍精神分裂症患者左 IPL 中的重要调节因子。
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