Department of Physio- and Occupational Therapy, Horsens Regional Hospital, Horsens, Denmark.
Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Disabil Rehabil. 2024 Jun;46(13):2734-2746. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2236014. Epub 2023 Jul 21.
To provide an overview of the content and characteristics of face-to-face interventions to encourage enrollment in exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR).
Following a published protocol describing the methods, six databases were searched. The search was limited to studies published from January 2000 to December 2021. Two reviewers independently performed study selection and data extraction.
5583 studies were identified and 20 studies with a variety of study designs met the inclusion criteria. Eight studies specified important content in face-to-face interventions to be: Education, problem-solving, support of autonomy, exploring reasons for change, emotional and cognitive support while showing understanding. Studies targeting patients' experiences used motivational interviewing and addressed worries and anticipated difficulties. Intention to attend, CR barriers, practical barriers, exercise self-efficacy, and patients asking questions supported enrollment. Reassurance could lead to nonattendance if patients had a high degree of worry and distress.
Face-to-face interventions are important to support patients' enrollment in CR and should integrate a person-centered dialogue exploring reasons for change and providing support to overcome barriers. Focus on the patients' perspectives, the mechanisms of change, and the evaluation of the intervention to inform implementation should be further explored.Implications for RehabilitationIn-hospital face-to-face interventions support enrollment in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in patients with ischemic heart disease.This study suggests that individual worries and barriers toward CR should be jointly explored while considering patients' capacity for making choices as well as their vulnerability.Patients should be encouraged to ask questions.A too strong focus on reassurance and problem-solving can impede enrollment.
概述鼓励参与基于运动的心脏康复（CR）的面对面干预措施的内容和特点。
根据描述方法的已发表方案，对六个数据库进行了搜索。搜索仅限于 2000 年 1 月至 2021 年 12 月期间发表的研究。两名审查员独立进行了研究选择和数据提取。
确定了 5583 项研究，有 20 项具有各种研究设计的研究符合纳入标准。八项研究指定了面对面干预措施中的重要内容，即：教育、解决问题、支持自主、探索改变的原因、提供情感和认知支持同时表现出理解。针对患者体验的研究使用了动机性访谈，并解决了担忧和预期困难。意向参加、CR 障碍、实际障碍、运动自我效能和患者提问支持注册。如果患者担忧和困扰程度较高，保证可能导致不参加。
面对面干预措施对于支持患者参与 CR 非常重要，并且应该整合以人为中心的对话，探讨改变的原因并提供克服障碍的支持。应该进一步探讨关注患者的观点、改变的机制以及干预措施的评估，以提供实施信息。
住院期间的面对面干预措施支持缺血性心脏病患者参与心脏康复（CR）。本研究表明，在考虑患者做出选择的能力以及他们的脆弱性的同时，应该共同探讨患者对 CR 的个别担忧和障碍。应鼓励患者提问。过于强调保证和解决问题可能会阻碍注册。
