Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/@KannanPachamut1.
Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2023 Oct;75:102419. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102419. Epub 2023 Jul 20.
The regulation of transposable elements (TEs) requires overlapping epigenetic modifications that must be reinforced every cell division and generation. In plants, this is achieved by multiple pathways including small RNAs, DNA methylation, and repressive histone marks that act together to control TE expression and activity throughout the entire life cycle. However, transient TE activation is observed during reproductive transitions as a result of epigenome reprogramming, thus providing windows of opportunity for TE proliferation and epigenetic novelty. Ultimately, these events may originate complex TE-driven transcriptional networks or cell-to-cell communication strategies via mobile small RNAs. In this review, we discuss recent findings and current understanding of TE regulation during sexual plant reproduction, and its implications for fertility, early seed development, and epigenetic inheritance.
转座元件 (TEs) 的调控需要重叠的表观遗传修饰，这些修饰必须在每次细胞分裂和世代中得到加强。在植物中，这是通过多种途径实现的，包括小 RNA、DNA 甲基化和抑制性组蛋白标记，它们共同作用来控制 TE 的表达和活性，贯穿整个生命周期。然而，在生殖转变过程中，由于表观基因组重编程，TE 会发生瞬时激活，从而为 TE 的增殖和表观遗传新颖性提供机会窗口。最终，这些事件可能通过移动小 RNA 产生复杂的 TE 驱动的转录网络或细胞间通讯策略。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了植物有性生殖过程中 TE 调控的最新发现和当前认识，以及它对生育力、早期种子发育和表观遗传遗传的影响。
