Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, 7820436, Santiago, Chile; Escuela de Biotecnología, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago 8580745, Chile.
Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, 7820436, Santiago, Chile.
Chemosphere. 2023 Oct;339:139463. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139463. Epub 2023 Jul 20.
The release of ammonia (as NH) into water bodies causes serious environmental problems. Therefore, the removal of ammonia from wastewater effluents has become a worldwide concern. New autotrophic biological alternatives for ammonia removal could reduce the limitations of conventional organic carbon-dependent nitrification-denitrification methods. Here, the potential of anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupled to Fe reduction (a process known as Feammox) is studied in wastewater treatment plants of the yeast and beer production industry, not related to ammonium or iron treatment. This process is presented as a viable option to improve the efficiency of ammonia removal from wastewater. The results of this study show that enrichments under Feammox conditions achieved removals of 28.19-32.25% of the total NH. The highest rates of ammonium removal and Fe reduction were achieved using FeCl as iron source and pH = 7.0. Different environmental conditions for the enrichments were studied and it was found that the use of sodium acetate as a carbon source and an incubation temperature of 35 °C presented higher rates of iron reduction and higher increase in nitrate concentration, related to ammonium oxidative processes. Likewise, the presence of relevant species of the iron and nitrogen cycles as Ferrovum myxofaciens, Geobacter spp, Shewanella spp, Albidiferax ferrireducens and Anammox was verified, supporting the findings of this study. These results provide information that may be relevant to the potential applicability of Feammox to treat wastewater with high ammonia load and could help develop cost-effective and environmentally friendly methods for ammonium removal in wastewater treatment plants.
氨（以 NH 的形式）释放到水体中会导致严重的环境问题。因此，去除废水中的氨已成为全球关注的焦点。新的自养生物替代方法可以减少传统有机碳依赖硝化-反硝化方法的局限性。在这里，研究了酵母和啤酒生产工业废水处理厂中厌氧氨氧化偶联铁还原（称为 Feammox 的过程）的潜力，该过程与铵或铁处理无关。该过程被提出作为提高废水氨去除效率的可行选择。本研究的结果表明，在 Feammox 条件下的富集可去除总 NH 的 28.19-32.25%。使用 FeCl 作为铁源和 pH = 7.0 时，铵的去除率和铁的还原率最高。研究了不同的富集环境条件，发现使用乙酸钠作为碳源和 35°C 的培养温度可实现更高的铁还原率和更高的硝酸盐浓度增加，这与铵的氧化过程有关。同样，验证了铁和氮循环的相关物种的存在，如 Ferrovum myxofaciens、Geobacter spp、Shewanella spp、Albidiferax ferrireducens 和 Anammox，支持了本研究的发现。这些结果提供了有关 Feammox 处理高氨负荷废水的潜在适用性的信息，并有助于开发用于废水处理厂中铵去除的经济高效且环保的方法。
