Department of Criminology and Forensic Science, Doctor Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, Madhya Pradesh 470003, India.
Department of Chemistry, Doctor Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, Madhya Pradesh 470003, India.
J Chromatogr A. 2023 Aug 30;1705:464206. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464206. Epub 2023 Jul 10.
Hydroquinone (HQ), resorcinol (RS), m-aminophenol (m-AMP) and p-phenylenediamine (p-PPD) are aromatic compounds which are generally used in hair dyes to provide different colours to hair. In European Union the concentrations of HQ, RS, m-AMP and p-PPD is regulated in hair dyes and other cosmetic products by EU commission regulation EU/2019/831. This legislation is generally exercised because all these compounds are toxic and may cause severe allergies when used regularly. However in India no such regulations exist to monitor these toxic compounds in hair dyes therefore in this study a simple, rapid, economical and ecofriendly micellar liquid chromatographic (MLC) technique has been developed which can monitor all the selected toxic compounds simultaneously. HQ and RS are positional isomers and are difficult to be separated by HPLC whereas with the developed MLC method it was well separated and detected. The developed MLC technique has been applied to detect and quantify selected analytes in oxidative and non-oxidative hair dyes and swab samples from the scalp. The simultaneous separation of selected analytes was performed in mobile phase 0.09 M SDS, 0.01 M NaHPO-2% v/v 1-butanol at pH 7 running through C column under isocratic mode at 1 mL/min. flow rate. All the analytes were eluted within 6 min. The present method has been validated following the EURCHEM Guideline, 2014 in terms of calibration range (0.08-15 µg/mL), limit of detection (0.01-0.09 µg/mL), limit of quantification (0.08-0.35 µg/mL), accuracy (<5.6%), precision (91-105%) and robustness (<5.8%). The selected compounds in hair dye formulation were found in the range of 0.06-12.2 µg/mL (when diluted 25 times). Hair dyes persistence study was conducted up to 10 days from the day of application on the scalp, suggesting that the dyes were not completely washed off and were retained on the scalp for more than one week. SEM analysis of dyed hair revealed that hair are severely damaged due to use of dyes. The advantage of the developed method is that it could easily be adopted by quality control and cosmetic laboratories for quality control and check for the simultaneous separation of positional isomers together with two other aromatic compounds.
对苯二酚 (HQ)、间苯二酚 (RS)、间氨基酚 (m-AMP) 和对苯二胺 (p-PPD) 是芳香族化合物，通常用于染发剂中，为头发提供不同的颜色。在欧盟，欧盟委员会法规 EU/2019/831 规定了 HQ、RS、m-AMP 和 p-PPD 在染发剂和其他化妆品中的浓度。之所以制定这项法规，是因为这些化合物均具有毒性，长期使用可能会引起严重过敏。然而，在印度，并没有针对这些有毒化合物的监管规定来监测染发剂中的含量。因此，在这项研究中，开发了一种简单、快速、经济且环保的胶束液相色谱 (MLC) 技术，可同时监测所有选定的有毒化合物。HQ 和 RS 是位置异构体，用 HPLC 很难分离，而用所开发的 MLC 方法可以很好地分离和检测。所开发的 MLC 技术已应用于检测和定量氧化和非氧化染发剂以及头皮拭子样本中的选定分析物。在 pH 值为 7 的条件下，通过 C 柱以等度模式在 1 mL/min 的流速下，以 0.09 M SDS、0.01 M NaHPO-2%v/v 1-丁醇为流动相，同时分离选定的分析物。所有分析物均在 6 分钟内洗脱。本方法按照 EURCHEM 指南，2014 年对校准范围 (0.08-15µg/mL)、检测限 (0.01-0.09µg/mL)、定量限 (0.08-0.35µg/mL)、准确度（<5.6%）、精密度（91-105%）和稳健性（<5.8%）进行了验证。染发剂配方中选定的化合物浓度在 0.06-12.2µg/mL 范围内（稀释 25 倍后）。在头皮上应用后的 10 天内进行了染发剂持久性研究，表明染发剂并未完全洗掉，在头皮上保留时间超过一周。染色头发的 SEM 分析表明，由于使用了染发剂，头发受到了严重损伤。该方法的优点是，质量控制和化妆品实验室可以很容易地采用该方法，同时对位置异构体以及另外两种芳香族化合物进行质量控制和分离。
