Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Facultad de Química y Biología, Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Grupo Polímeros, Chile.
Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Facultad de Química y Biología, Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Grupo Polímeros, Chile; Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Casilla 121, Iquique 1100000, Chile.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 Sep 1;248:125939. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125939. Epub 2023 Jul 22.
Starch is a biodegradable biopolymer, a sustainable material that can replace conventional petrochemical-based plastics. However, starch has some limitations, as it must be processed by heating and treated mechanically with a plasticizer to become thermoplastic starch (TPS). Different variables such as mixing speeds, amount, and kind of plasticizers play a vital role in preparing TPS by melting. Despite this, the properties of the TPS are not comparable with those of traditional plastics. To overcome this limitation, microcellulose or nanocellulose is added to TPS by melt mixing, including the extrusion and internal mixing process, which enables large-scale production. This review aims to compile several studies that evaluate the effect of plasticizers, as well as the relevance of incorporating different cellulosic fillers of different dimensions on the properties of TPS obtained by melt mixing. Potential applications of these materials in food packaging, biomedical applications, and other opportunities are also described.
淀粉是一种可生物降解的生物聚合物，是一种可持续的材料，可以替代传统的基于石油化工的塑料。然而，淀粉有一些局限性，因为它必须通过加热处理并与增塑剂机械处理才能成为热塑性淀粉（TPS）。不同的变量，如混合速度、增塑剂的用量和种类，在通过熔融制备 TPS 中起着至关重要的作用。尽管如此，TPS 的性能仍无法与传统塑料相媲美。为了克服这一限制，通过熔融混合，包括挤出和内部混合过程，将微纤维素或纳米纤维素添加到 TPS 中，从而实现大规模生产。本综述旨在汇编几项研究，评估增塑剂的效果，以及在熔融混合过程中加入不同尺寸的不同纤维素填料对 TPS 性能的相关性。还描述了这些材料在食品包装、生物医学应用和其他领域的潜在应用。
