He Xi, Li Shi-Ming
Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China.
Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2023 Nov;43(6):1438-1448. doi: 10.1111/opo.13206. Epub 2023 Jul 24.
Myopia is a health issue that has attracted global attention due to its high prevalence and vision-threatening complications. It is well known that the onset and progression of myopia are related to both genetic and environmental factors: more than 450 common genetic loci have been found to be associated with myopia, while near work and outdoor time are the main environmental risk factors. As for many complex traits, gene-environment interactions are implicated in myopia development. To date, several genetic loci have been found to interact with near work or educational level. Gene-environment interaction research on myopia could yield models that provide more accurate risk predictions, thus improving targeted treatments and preventive strategies. Additionally, such investigations might have the potential to reveal novel genetic information. In this review, we summarised the findings in this field and proposed some topics for future investigations.
近视是一个因高患病率和威胁视力的并发症而引起全球关注的健康问题。众所周知，近视的发生和发展与遗传和环境因素都有关：已发现超过450个常见基因位点与近视相关，而近距离工作和户外活动时间是主要的环境风险因素。与许多复杂性状一样，基因-环境相互作用也参与了近视的发展。迄今为止，已发现几个基因位点与近距离工作或教育水平相互作用。近视的基因-环境相互作用研究可能会产生能提供更准确风险预测的模型，从而改进针对性治疗和预防策略。此外，此类研究可能有潜力揭示新的遗传信息。在本综述中，我们总结了该领域的研究结果并提出了一些未来研究的主题。
