Nelson Brenna Scadden, Harmon Tyson G, Dromey Christopher, Clawson Kirsten Dixon
Department of Communication Disorders, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT.
Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2023 Oct 17;32(5S):2444-2460. doi: 10.1044/2023_AJSLP-22-00299. Epub 2023 Jul 24.
The purpose of this study was to determine how different background noise conditions affect the spoken language of participants with aphasia during a story retell task.
Participants included 11 adults with mild to moderate aphasia and 11 age- and gender-matched controls. Participants retold stories in a silent baseline and five background noise conditions (conversation, monologue, phone call, cocktail, and pink noise). Dependent measures of speech acoustics (fundamental frequency and mean intensity), speech fluency (speech rate and disfluent words), and language production (correct information units [CIUs], lexical errors, lexical diversity, and cohesive utterances) were compared between groups and across conditions.
Background noise resulted in higher fundamental frequency () and increased mean intensity for control participants across all noise conditions but only across some conditions for participants with aphasia. In relation to language production, background noise interfered significantly more with communication efficiency (i.e., percent CIUs) for participants with aphasia than the control group. For participants with aphasia, the phone call condition led to decreased lexical diversity. Across groups, condition effects generally suggested more interference on speech acoustics in conditions where continuous noise was present and more interference on language in conditions that presented continuous informational noise.
Although additional research is needed, preliminary findings suggest that background noise interferes with narrative discourse more for people with aphasia (PWA) than neurologically healthy adults. PWA may benefit from therapy that directly addresses communicating in noise.
本研究旨在确定不同背景噪声条件如何影响失语症参与者在故事复述任务中的口语表达。
参与者包括11名轻度至中度失语症成年人以及11名年龄和性别匹配的对照组。参与者在安静基线和五种背景噪声条件下（对话、独白、电话、鸡尾酒会和粉红噪声）复述故事。比较了两组之间以及不同条件下语音声学（基频和平均强度）、言语流畅性（语速和不流畅词）和语言产出（正确信息单元[CIUs]、词汇错误、词汇多样性和连贯话语）的相关指标。
在所有噪声条件下，背景噪声导致对照组参与者的基频更高且平均强度增加，但仅在某些条件下导致失语症参与者出现这种情况。在语言产出方面，背景噪声对失语症参与者的沟通效率（即CIUs百分比）的干扰明显大于对照组。对于失语症参与者，电话条件导致词汇多样性降低。在两组中总体情况表明，在存在连续噪声的条件下对语音声学的干扰更大，在存在连续信息噪声的条件下对语言的干扰更大。
尽管还需要进一步研究，但初步结果表明，背景噪声对失语症患者（PWA）叙事话语的干扰比对神经功能正常的成年人更大。PWA可能会从直接针对在噪声环境中沟通的治疗中受益。
