Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China; School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China. Beijing, 100081, China.
Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2024 Jan 10;318(Pt A):116936. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116936. Epub 2023 Jul 23.
The leaf of Moringa oleifera Lam., a medicinal and edible herb for thousands of years in Ayurveda, is used as Pancha (na) karma (purgative) during and after the body cleansing process, to treat constipation, reduce cholesterol and body weight.
The aim was to investigate the diarrhea effects and possible mechanism of M. oleifera leaves in constipation rats.
The hot water extract of M. oleifera leaves (WEMOL) was prepared and analyzed using LC-20AT HPLC system. The constipated rat model was induced by feeding with low fiber diet for 21 days. After oral administration of WEMOL for 7 days, the excretion parameter analysis, gastro-intestinal propulsion, histological analysis by HE and Alcian blue staining, and gastrointestinal hormone in rat's digestive tract through ELISA were used to evaluate the laxative effect of WEMOL. Label-free quantitation (LFQ) with LC-MS/MS, bioinformatics and Western blot were used to discover and verify the signal pathways and key proteins of WEMOL related to diarrhea.
The contents of isoquercitrin and astragalin were 2.7 mg/g and 1.7 mg/g, respectively in WEMOL. The stool number, weight, and water content of constipation rats were significantly reduced, indicating model had been established successfully. WEMOL (1.25 and 2.5 g/kg) increased water content of feces and the levels of Gas, MTL, NPY in gastric antrum and VIP, SP in colon of constipation rats, improved the muscle layer thickness and mucin secretion of colon. The proteomics revealed a total of 1731 differential proteins and 9 signaling pathways, WEMOL increased the expression of Vamp2, Gnai3, and Prkacb.
The laxative mechanism of WEMOL maybe modulate the signaling pathways mediated by 5-HT and Ach receptors, related to gastrointestinal motility and intestinal fluid secretion. It can be considered as the scientific connotation of Pancha (na) karma of M. oleifera leaves in ayurveda.
辣木（Moringa oleifera Lam.）的叶子在阿育吠陀已有数千年的药用和食用历史，在身体清洁过程中和之后被用作 Pancha（na）karma（泻药），用于治疗便秘、降低胆固醇和体重。
本研究旨在探讨辣木叶热水提取物（WEMOL）对便秘大鼠的致泻作用及其可能机制。
采用 LC-20AT HPLC 系统制备和分析辣木叶热水提取物（WEMOL）。采用低纤维饮食喂养 21 天诱导便秘大鼠模型。WEMOL 给药 7 天后，通过分析排便参数、胃肠推进、HE 和阿尔辛蓝染色的组织学分析，以及通过 ELISA 分析大鼠消化道中的胃肠激素，评估 WEMOL 的通便作用。采用 LC-MS/MS 进行无标记定量（LFQ）、生物信息学和 Western blot 分析，以发现和验证与腹泻相关的 WEMOL 信号通路和关键蛋白。
WEMOL 中异槲皮苷和黄芪甲苷的含量分别为 2.7mg/g 和 1.7mg/g。便秘大鼠的粪便数量、重量和含水量明显减少，表明模型已成功建立。WEMOL（1.25 和 2.5g/kg）增加了便秘大鼠粪便的含水量和胃窦Gas、MTL、NPY 以及结肠 VIP、SP 的水平，改善了结肠肌层厚度和粘蛋白分泌。蛋白质组学共发现了 1731 个差异蛋白和 9 条信号通路，WEMOL 增加了 Vamp2、Gnai3 和 Prkacb 的表达。
WEMOL 的通便机制可能通过 5-HT 和 Ach 受体介导的信号通路调节，与胃肠动力和肠道液体分泌有关。这可以被认为是辣木叶在阿育吠陀中 Pancha（na）karma 的科学内涵。
