Northern Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Intern Med J. 2024 Jan;54(1):26-34. doi: 10.1111/imj.16184. Epub 2023 Jul 25.
Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide, with significant adverse health consequences in the presence or absence of anaemia. Total dose intravenous iron replacement is recommended for replacement of iron in patients with severe iron deficiency, especially in the presence of anaemia, intolerance or inefficacy following oral iron, or states of inflammation where upregulation of hepcidin may impair gastrointestinal absorption of iron. Currently, available intravenous iron formulations have been demonstrated to have an excellent overall safety profile, but potential adverse effects, including skin staining, infusion-related reactions and hypophosphataemia, have been described. Knowledge of differences in administration and safety profiles of currently available iron formulations will allow appropriate prescription, counselling, as well as recognition and management of adverse events in patients requiring intravenous iron.
缺铁是全世界最常见的营养缺乏症，无论是否存在贫血，都会对健康产生重大不良后果。严重缺铁的患者推荐使用全剂量静脉铁补充治疗，尤其是在存在贫血、口服铁不耐受或无效、或铁调素上调可能会损害胃肠道铁吸收的炎症状态下。目前，已证实现有的静脉铁制剂具有极好的整体安全性，但也描述了一些潜在的不良反应，包括皮肤染色、输注相关反应和低磷血症。了解现有铁制剂在给药和安全性方面的差异，将有助于为需要静脉铁的患者进行适当的处方、咨询，以及识别和处理不良反应。
