Institute of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Clinic for Neurology, Klinikum St. Marien Amberg, Amberg, Germany.
Front Immunol. 2023 Jul 10;14:1202006. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1202006. eCollection 2023.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). The pathophysiology of MS is complex and is said to be influenced by multiple environmental determinants, including diet. We and others have previously demonstrated how consumption of bovine milk can aggravate disease severity in MS patients, which can be explained by molecular mimicry between milk antigens and those expressed within the CNS. In this study we set out to identify alternatives to drinking cow milk which might be less detrimental to MS patients who have a genetic predisposition towards developing antibody titers against bovine milk antigens that cross-react with CNS antigens.
To this end, we screened 35 patients with MS and 20 healthy controls for their IgG reactivity against an array of animal-sourced milk, plant-based alternatives as well as individual antigens from bovine milk.
We demonstrate that MS patients have a significantly higher IgG response to animal-sourced milk, especially cow milk, in comparison to healthy donors. We also show that the reactivity to cow milk in MS patients can be attributed to reactivity against different bovine milk antigens. Finally, our correlation data indicate the co-existence of antibodies to individual bovine milk antigens and their corresponding cross-reactive CNS antigens.
Taken together, we suggest screening of blood from MS patients for antibodies against different types of milk and milk antigens in order to establish a personalized diet regimen.
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种中枢神经系统（CNS）的慢性脱髓鞘疾病。MS 的病理生理学很复杂，据说受多种环境决定因素的影响，包括饮食。我们和其他人之前已经证明，饮用牛奶会加重 MS 患者的疾病严重程度，这可以通过牛奶抗原与 CNS 内表达的抗原之间的分子模拟来解释。在这项研究中，我们着手确定替代饮用牛奶的方法，对于那些具有遗传易感性而产生针对与 CNS 抗原发生交叉反应的牛奶抗原的抗体滴度的 MS 患者，可能会减少对他们的损害。
为此，我们筛选了 35 名 MS 患者和 20 名健康对照者，以检测他们针对一系列动物源奶、植物性替代品以及来自牛奶的单个抗原的 IgG 反应性。
我们证明 MS 患者对动物源奶，特别是牛奶的 IgG 反应明显高于健康供体。我们还表明，MS 患者对牛奶的反应性可以归因于对不同的牛奶抗原的反应性。最后，我们的相关数据表明，针对单个牛奶抗原及其相应的交叉反应性 CNS 抗原的抗体同时存在。
总之，我们建议对 MS 患者的血液进行不同类型的牛奶和牛奶抗原的抗体筛查，以建立个性化的饮食方案。
