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COVID-19 后急性后遗症的神经精神症状的纵向分析与治疗。

Longitudinal analysis and treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19.

机构信息

Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, USA.

Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.

出版信息

J Neurol. 2023 Oct;270(10):4661-4672. doi: 10.1007/s00415-023-11885-x. Epub 2023 Jul 26.


DOI:10.1007/s00415-023-11885-x
PMID:37493802
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10910663/
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Persistent neuropsychiatric symptoms following acute COVID-19 infection are frequently reported. These include anxiety, depression, difficulty concentrating, fatigue, and insomnia. The longitudinal evolution of this neuropsychiatric burden is poorly understood and clinical guidelines concerning treatment are lacking. OBJECTIVE: We sought to describe the longitudinal evolution of neuropsychiatric symptoms in the post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) syndrome and examine symptom treatment at a single center. METHODS: Consecutive participants experiencing persistent neurologic symptoms after acute COVID-19 infection were recruited from October 2020 to July 2022. Data collected included COVID-19 infection history, neurological exam and review of systems, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and self-reported surveys concerning neuropsychiatric symptoms and treatment. Data were collected at baseline and at 1-year follow-up. RESULTS: A total of 106 participants (mean age 48.6, females 67%) were included in the study. At 1-year follow-up, 72.5% of participants reported at least one neuropsychiatric symptom. Over half (52.5%) of participants reported persistent fatigue. At baseline, 38.8% of all participants had met the established MoCA cut-off score of < 26 for mild cognitive impairment; this decreased to 20.0% at 1 year. COVID-19 infection severity was associated with neuro-PASC symptoms (including fatigue and anxiety) at 1 year. Overall, 29% of participants started at least one new medication for COVID-19-associated neuropsychiatric symptoms. Of the participants who started new medications, fatigue was the most common indication (44.8%) followed by insomnia (27.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Neuropsychiatric symptoms related to neuro-PASC improve over time but can persist for over a year post-recovery. Most treatment modalities targeted neuro-PASC fatigue.

摘要

背景:急性 COVID-19 感染后持续存在神经精神症状的情况经常被报道。这些症状包括焦虑、抑郁、注意力集中困难、疲劳和失眠。这种神经精神负担的纵向演变尚不清楚,也缺乏关于治疗的临床指南。 目的:我们旨在描述 COVID-19 后急性后遗症(PASC)综合征的神经精神症状的纵向演变,并检查单一中心的症状治疗。 方法:从 2020 年 10 月至 2022 年 7 月,我们连续招募了患有急性 COVID-19 感染后持续神经系统症状的参与者。收集的数据包括 COVID-19 感染史、神经系统检查和系统回顾、蒙特利尔认知评估(MoCA)以及自我报告的神经精神症状和治疗调查。数据在基线和 1 年随访时收集。 结果:共有 106 名参与者(平均年龄 48.6 岁,女性占 67%)纳入研究。在 1 年随访时,72.5%的参与者报告至少有一种神经精神症状。超过一半(52.5%)的参与者报告持续疲劳。在基线时,所有参与者中有 38.8%的人 MoCA 得分<26,达到了轻度认知障碍的既定界限;这一比例在 1 年后下降到 20.0%。COVID-19 感染严重程度与 1 年后的神经 PASC 症状(包括疲劳和焦虑)相关。总体而言,29%的参与者开始至少使用一种新药物治疗 COVID-19 相关的神经精神症状。在开始使用新药物的参与者中,疲劳是最常见的指征(44.8%),其次是失眠(27.6%)。 结论:与神经 PASC 相关的神经精神症状随着时间的推移而改善,但在康复后仍可持续超过 1 年。大多数治疗方法针对的是神经 PASC 疲劳。

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[2]
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[3]
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[5]
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本文引用的文献

[1]
Low-dose naltrexone for post-COVID fatigue syndrome: a study protocol for a double-blind, randomised trial in British Columbia.

BMJ Open. 2024-5-13

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Eur Respir J. 2023-1-12

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Brain Behav Immun Health. 2022-10

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Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2022-7

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Eur Respir J. 2022-2

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