照顾者对儿童疟疾疫苗的认知和接受程度。
Caregivers' perception and acceptance of malaria vaccine for Children.
机构信息
Department of Nursing, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Midwifery Training College, Tumu, Tumu Upper West Region, Ghana.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2023 Jul 26;18(7):e0288686. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288686. eCollection 2023.
BACKGROUND
Malaria is a disease of public health concern and in endemic areas, pregnant women and children under-five years are vulnerable to the disease. The introduction of the pilot program of a malaria vaccine for children under-five years in Ghana is an intervention to further reduce the burden of the disease. However, the availability of the vaccine does not necessarily mean it will be accepted by the public. This is why the perceptions and acceptance of the vaccine among mothers of these children are worth exploring.
METHOD
A descriptive qualitative study, with the aid of a semi-structured interview guide, was utilized in collecting data from ten (10) purposively sampled mothers whose children were taking the malaria vaccine in a municipality in Ghana. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. The audiotaped interviews were transcribed verbatim and inductively analyzed into themes describing their perceptions and acceptance.
RESULTS
Participants were aged between 22 and 40 years with eight (8) of them married. Three themes emerged from the study. "Awareness of malaria and the malaria vaccine" (1), "Insight into the malaria vaccine" (2), where participants communicated the beliefs and judgments formed on the vaccine, its benefits, and the need for vaccinating their children. With the third theme "Reaction to vaccine" (3), participants communicated their motivation to vaccinate their children and their concerns about the administration of the vaccine.
CONCLUSION
The caregivers had positive perceptions about the malaria vaccine for children, with fewer hospital admissions and saving money as some benefits. Healthworkers played a significant role in influencing the acceptance of the vaccine. However, the fear of the unknown concerning the side effects of the vaccine serve as a possible barrier to recommending the vaccine to other caregivers. Health education must also address the fears of caregivers in order to enhance recommending the malaria vaccine to other caregivers and promote uptake of the vaccination.
背景
疟疾是一种公共卫生关注的疾病，在流行地区，孕妇和五岁以下儿童容易受到该疾病的影响。在加纳引入五岁以下儿童疟疾疫苗试点计划是进一步减轻该疾病负担的一项干预措施。然而，疫苗的供应并不一定意味着它会被公众接受。这就是为什么值得探索这些儿童的母亲对疫苗的看法和接受程度。
方法
本研究采用描述性定性研究方法，借助半结构化访谈指南，从加纳一个直辖市正在为其孩子接种疟疾疫苗的 10 名（10）经刻意抽样的母亲那里收集数据。所有参与者均获得书面知情同意。对录音访谈进行逐字转录，并进行归纳分析，形成描述其看法和接受程度的主题。
结果
参与者年龄在 22 至 40 岁之间，其中 8 人已婚。研究中有三个主题出现。“对疟疾和疟疾疫苗的认识”（1），“对疟疾疫苗的了解”（2），参与者在其中交流了对疫苗、其益处以及为孩子接种疫苗的必要性的信念和判断。第三个主题是“对疫苗的反应”（3），参与者表达了为孩子接种疫苗的动机以及对接种疫苗的担忧。
结论
照顾者对儿童疟疾疫苗有积极的看法，认为接种疫苗可以减少住院治疗和节省开支等益处。卫生工作者在影响疫苗的接受程度方面发挥了重要作用。然而，对疫苗副作用的未知因素的担忧可能成为向其他照顾者推荐疫苗的障碍。健康教育还必须解决照顾者的担忧，以增强向其他照顾者推荐疟疾疫苗并促进疫苗接种。
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