Yao Xue, Halpren Ethan, Liu Ye Zhou, Shan Chung Hsuan, Chen Zhi Wen, Chen Li Xin, Singh Chandra Veer
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E4, Canada.
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada.
iScience. 2023 Jul 3;26(7):107275. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107275. eCollection 2023 Jul 21.
Active components with suitable supports are the common paradigm for industrial catalysis, and the catalytic activity usually increases with minimizing the active component size, generating a new frontier in catalysis, single-atom catalysts (SACs). However, further improvement of SACs activity is limited by the relatively low loading of single atoms (SAs, which are heteroatoms for most SACs, i.e., external active sites) because of the highly favorable aggregation of single heteroatoms during preparation. Research interest should be shifted to investigate SACs with intrinsic SAs, which could circumvent the aggregation of external SAs and consequently increase the SAs loading while maintaining them individual to further improve the activity. In this review, SACs with external or intrinsic SAs are discussed and, at last, the perspectives and challenges for obtaining high-loading SACs with intrinsic SAs are outlined.
具有合适载体的活性组分是工业催化的常见模式，并且催化活性通常随着活性组分尺寸的最小化而增加，从而催生了催化领域的一个新前沿——单原子催化剂（SACs）。然而，由于在制备过程中单个杂原子极易聚集，单原子（SAs，对于大多数SACs而言是杂原子，即外部活性位点）的负载量相对较低限制了SACs活性的进一步提高。研究兴趣应转向研究具有本征单原子的SACs，其可以避免外部单原子的聚集，从而在保持单原子独立的同时增加单原子负载量，进而进一步提高活性。在这篇综述中，将讨论具有外部或本征单原子的SACs，最后概述获得具有本征单原子的高负载量SACs的前景和挑战。
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