Institute of Forensic Medicine, Forensic Toxicology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Drug Test Anal. 2024 Apr;16(4):392-397. doi: 10.1002/dta.3556. Epub 2023 Jul 28.
The amphetamine-type stimulant methamphetamine exists in two enantiomeric forms, (S)-methamphetamine and (R)-methamphetamine, which are both psychoactive but with the (S)-enantiomer being more potent than the (R)-enantiomer. Illicit methamphetamine encountered in Europe is typically a racemic mixture of both enantiomers and enantiopure (S)-methamphetamine, respectively. However, herein we report two cases with proven enantiopure (R)-methamphetamine consumption with moreover both cases remaining undetected by immunoassay screening. Inconspicuous immunoassay findings can be traced back to a considerably higher sensitivity and concentration-dependent cross-reactivity of the applied drug of abuse assay for the (S)-enantiomer of methamphetamine compared with the (R)-enantiomer, and this limitation should be well known by users of immunoassay drug tests.
苯丙胺类兴奋剂甲基苯丙胺有两种对映异构体，（S）-甲基苯丙胺和（R）-甲基苯丙胺，它们都具有致幻作用，但（S）-对映异构体比（R）-对映异构体更有效。在欧洲遇到的非法甲基苯丙胺通常是两种对映异构体的外消旋混合物和分别为对映纯（S）-甲基苯丙胺。然而，在这里我们报告了两个经证实的对映纯（R）-甲基苯丙胺消费案例，而且这两个案例都未通过免疫检测筛查检测出来。免疫检测不明显的结果可以追溯到应用的药物滥用检测对甲基苯丙胺的（S）-对映异构体的灵敏度更高，且浓度依赖性交叉反应性更高，与（R）-对映异构体相比，这种局限性应该为免疫检测药物测试的使用者所熟知。
