Centre for Tropical and Emerging Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
Borneo Medical Centre, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia.
J Med Virol. 2023 Aug;95(8):e28987. doi: 10.1002/jmv.28987.
Rotavirus is the leading causative viral agent of pediatric acute gastroenteritis globally, infecting mostly children 5 years old and below. Data on rotavirus prevalence in Malaysia is scarce, despite the WHO's recommendation for continuous rotavirus surveillance, and has underestimated the need for national rotavirus vaccination. Characteristics of the current rotavirus strains in Malaysia have to be determined to understand the rotavirus epidemiology and vaccine compatibility. This study sought to determine the genetic relatedness of Sarawak rotavirus strains with global strains and to determine the antigenic coverage and epitope compatibility of Rotarix and RotaTeq vaccines with the Sarawak rotavirus strains via in silico analysis. A total of 89 stool samples were collected from pediatric patients (<5 years old) with acute gastroenteritis at private hospitals in Kuching, Sarawak. Rotavirus was detected using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Positive amplicons were analyzed using nucleotide sequencing before phylogenetic analyses and assessment of epitope compatibility. Genotyping revealed G1P[8] (1/13; 7.7%), G3P[8] (3/13; 23%), G9P[4] (1/13; 7.7%), and G9P[8] (3/13; 23%), G9P[X] (1/13; 7.7%), GXP[4] (1/13; 7.7%), and GXP[8] (3/13; 23%) in samples. All wild-type Sarawak rotavirus strains, with the exception of G1, showed variations in their phylogenetic and antigenic epitope characteristics.
轮状病毒是全球导致小儿急性肠胃炎的主要致病病毒，主要感染 5 岁以下儿童。尽管世界卫生组织建议持续进行轮状病毒监测，但马来西亚轮状病毒流行数据稀缺，低估了国家接种轮状病毒疫苗的需求。为了了解轮状病毒流行病学和疫苗的兼容性，必须确定马来西亚当前轮状病毒株的特征。本研究旨在通过计算机分析确定沙捞越轮状病毒株与全球株的遗传关联性，并确定 Rotarix 和 RotaTeq 疫苗与沙捞越轮状病毒株的抗原覆盖范围和表位兼容性。共从沙捞越古晋私人医院患有急性肠胃炎的 5 岁以下儿科患者中采集了 89 份粪便样本。采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应检测轮状病毒。对阳性扩增子进行核苷酸测序分析，然后进行系统发育分析和表位兼容性评估。基因分型显示，13 个样本中存在 G1P[8]（1/13；7.7%）、G3P[8]（3/13；23%）、G9P[4]（1/13；7.7%）、G9P[8]（3/13；23%）、G9P[X]（1/13；7.7%）、GXP[4]（1/13；7.7%）和 GXP[8]（3/13；23%）。除 G1 外，所有野生型沙捞越轮状病毒株在系统发育和抗原表位特征上均存在差异。
