Ovchinnikov Andrey N, Ovchinnikova Antonina A, Reznik Sergey Y, Belyakova Natalia A
Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya 1, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
All-Russia Institute of Plant Protection, Russian Academy of Sciences, Podbelskogo 3, Pushkin, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia.
Insects. 2023 Jun 28;14(7):587. doi: 10.3390/insects14070587.
It is known that food has a double impact on females of predatory ladybirds: qualitative signal effect (the onset of oogenesis) and quantitative nutritional effect (the increase in oogenesis intensity). We compared the patterns of these effects by feeding females on mixed diets: unlimited low-quality prey (eggs of the grain moth ) and limited high-quality prey (the green peach aphid : 0, 2, 10, and 50 aphids per day). About half of the females fed only on the grain moth eggs oviposited and their fecundity was very low. Daily consumption of 2 aphids increased the proportion of egg-laying females whereas only consumption of 10 aphids increased their mean fecundity. Thus, the threshold of the signal effect was lower than that of the nutritional effect. As applied to mass rearing, we conclude that the addition of high-quality prey to low-quality food causes a substantial increase in egg production, although the economic feasibility of this method is not clear. Regarding biological control of pests by preventing colonization, we conclude that the fecundity of females supplied with the grain moth eggs in the absence of aphids will be low but the appearance of pests will cause a proportional increase in the mean fecundity of ladybirds.
定性信号效应（卵子发生的开始）和定量营养效应（卵子发生强度的增加）。我们通过给雌性提供混合食物来比较这些效应的模式：无限量的低质量猎物（谷蛾的卵）和限量的高质量猎物（桃蚜：每天0、2、10和50只蚜虫）。大约一半仅以谷蛾卵为食的雌性产卵，但其繁殖力非常低。每天食用2只蚜虫增加了产卵雌性的比例，而仅食用10只蚜虫增加了它们的平均繁殖力。因此，信号效应的阈值低于营养效应的阈值。应用于大规模饲养时，我们得出结论，在低质量食物中添加高质量猎物会导致产卵量大幅增加，尽管这种方法的经济可行性尚不清楚。关于通过防止害虫定殖来进行生物防治，我们得出结论，在没有蚜虫的情况下以谷蛾卵为食的雌性繁殖力会很低，但害虫的出现会使瓢虫的平均繁殖力成比例增加。
