Tubaki Rosa Maria, de Menezes Regiane Maria Tironi, David Mariana Rocha, Palasio Raquel Gardini Sanches, de Aguiar Osny Tadeu, Baitello João Batista, Santos Vagner Oliveira, Balbino Natália, Chiaravalloti-Neto Francisco
Laboratório de Entomologia Médica, Instituto Pasteur da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde de São Paulo, São Paulo 01027-000, Brazil.
Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 17700-000, Brazil.
Trop Med Infect Dis. 2023 Jun 25;8(7):337. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed8070337.
Sylvatic yellow fever (SYF) was recently a health issue in Brazil (2016-2019) because transmission was facilitated by a high density of vectors, amplifying hosts, and low vaccine coverage of the human population, especially in urban forests in the Southeast Region of Brazil. Moreover, urban forest edges are more likely to have contact between human and sylvatic vector mosquito populations. Here, we show the association between abiotic and biotic features of tree holes as rearing sites in Cantareira State Park in Atlantic Forest edges. The analyzed physical features of the tree holes were diameter at breast height, tree hole opening diameter, depth, trunk diameter, tree hole volume, collected volume, height (varying from 0.02 to 4.2 m above ground), and the presence of Culicidae species other than . We analyzed 105 positive and 68 negative water samples for larval presence and found no differences between them, suggesting the lack of specific physical characteristics in these categories. larval abundance was correlated with the collected volume and opening diameter of tree holes. The tree species that most represented negative breeding sites were , , , and . Four significant clusters as areas with a high risk of SYV were identified by Get-Ordis spatial analysis. Although larvae were found in tree holes with high water levels, their occurrence was regulated by that of other mosquito species. Our findings contribute to clarifying immature vector ecology in tree holes related to human exposure to SYF in urban forest edges.
丛林黄热病（SYF）最近在巴西（2016 - 2019年）成为一个健康问题，因为高密度的病媒、扩增宿主以及人群中低疫苗接种覆盖率，尤其是在巴西东南部地区的城市森林中，促进了疾病的传播。此外，城市森林边缘更有可能出现人类与丛林病媒蚊子种群之间的接触。在这里，我们展示了大西洋森林边缘坎塔雷拉州立公园中作为孳生地的树洞的非生物和生物特征之间的关联。所分析的树洞物理特征包括胸径处直径、树洞开口直径、深度、树干直径、树洞体积、收集体积、高度（地面以上0.02至4.2米不等）以及除[未提及的库蚊属物种]之外的库蚊属物种的存在情况。我们分析了105个阳性和68个阴性水样中幼虫的存在情况，发现它们之间没有差异，这表明这些类别中缺乏特定的物理特征。幼虫丰度与树洞的收集体积和开口直径相关。最能代表阴性孳生地的树种是[未提及的树种1]、[未提及的树种2]、[未提及的树种3]和[未提及的树种4]。通过Get - Ordis空间分析确定了四个作为SYV高风险区域的显著聚类。尽管在水位高的树洞中发现了[未提及的库蚊属幼虫]，但其出现受其他蚊子物种的调节。我们的研究结果有助于阐明与城市森林边缘人类接触SYF相关的树洞中未成熟病媒生态学。
