Theoretical and Computational Biophysics Group, NIH Resource for Macromolecular Modeling and Visualization, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.
Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
J Chem Inf Model. 2023 Aug 14;63(15):4664-4678. doi: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c00658. Epub 2023 Jul 28.
Modeling and simulation of small molecules such as drugs and biological cofactors have been both a major focus of computational chemistry for decades and a growing need among computational biophysicists who seek to investigate the interaction of different types of ligands with biomolecules. Of particular interest in this regard are quantum mechanical (QM) calculations that are used to more accurately describe such small molecules, which can be of heterogeneous structures and chemistry, either in purely QM calculations or in hybrid QM/molecular mechanics (MM) simulations. QM programs are also used to develop MM force field parameters for small molecules to be used along with established force fields for biomolecules in classical simulations. With this growing need in mind, here we report a set of software tools developed and closely integrated within the broadly used molecular visualization/analysis program, VMD, that allow the user to construct, modify, and parametrize small molecules and prepare them for QM, hybrid QM/MM, or classical simulations. The tools also provide interactive analysis and visualization capabilities in an easy-to-use and integrated environment. In this paper, we briefly report on these tools and their major features and capabilities, along with examples of how they can facilitate molecular research in computational biophysics that might be otherwise prohibitively complex.
小分子(如药物和生物辅因子)的建模和模拟一直是计算化学数十年来的主要关注点,也是计算生物物理学家的日益需求,他们希望研究不同类型配体与生物分子的相互作用。在这方面特别感兴趣的是量子力学 (QM) 计算,它用于更准确地描述这些小分子,这些小分子可以具有不同的结构和化学性质,无论是在纯 QM 计算中还是在混合 QM/分子力学 (MM) 模拟中。QM 程序也用于开发小分子的 MM 力场参数,以便与经典模拟中用于生物分子的现有力场一起使用。考虑到这种日益增长的需求,我们在此报告了一组在广泛使用的分子可视化/分析程序 VMD 中开发并紧密集成的软件工具,这些工具允许用户构建、修改和参数化小分子,并为它们准备进行 QM、混合 QM/MM 或经典模拟。这些工具还在一个易于使用和集成的环境中提供交互式分析和可视化功能。本文简要介绍了这些工具及其主要特点和功能,并举例说明了它们如何促进计算生物物理学中的分子研究,否则这些研究可能过于复杂。
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