Marinescu Maria
Department of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 030018 Bucharest, Romania.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2023 Jul 22;12(7):1220. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics12071220.
Bacterial infections have attracted the attention of researchers in recent decades, especially due to the special problems they have faced, such as their increasing diversity and resistance to antibiotic treatment. The emergence and development of the SARS-CoV-2 infection stimulated even more research to find new structures with antimicrobial and antiviral properties. Among the heterocyclic compounds with remarkable therapeutic properties, benzimidazoles, and triazoles stand out, possessing antimicrobial, antiviral, antitumor, anti-Alzheimer, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antidiabetic, or anti-ulcer activities. In addition, the literature of the last decade reports benzimidazole-triazole hybrids with improved biological properties compared to the properties of simple mono-heterocyclic compounds. This review aims to provide an update on the synthesis methods of these hybrids, along with their antimicrobial and antiviral activities, as well as the structure-activity relationship reported in the literature. It was found that the presence of certain groups grafted onto the benzimidazole and/or triazole nuclei (-F, -Cl, -Br, -CF, -NO, -CN, -CHO, -OH, OCH, COOCH), as well as the presence of some heterocycles (pyridine, pyrimidine, thiazole, indole, isoxazole, thiadiazole, coumarin) increases the antimicrobial activity of benzimidazole-triazole hybrids. Also, the presence of the oxygen or sulfur atom in the bridge connecting the benzimidazole and triazole rings generally increases the antimicrobial activity of the hybrids. The literature mentions only benzimidazole-1,2,3-triazole hybrids with antiviral properties. Both for antimicrobial and antiviral hybrids, the presence of an additional triazole ring increases their biological activity, which is in agreement with the three-dimensional binding mode of compounds. This review summarizes the advances of benzimidazole triazole derivatives as potential antimicrobial and antiviral agents covering articles published from 2000 to 2023.
近几十年来，细菌感染引起了研究人员的关注，特别是由于它们所面临的特殊问题，比如其多样性不断增加以及对抗生素治疗产生耐药性。新型冠状病毒（SARS-CoV-2）感染的出现和发展激发了更多研究，以寻找具有抗菌和抗病毒特性的新结构。在具有显著治疗特性的杂环化合物中，苯并咪唑和三唑脱颖而出，具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、抗阿尔茨海默病、抗炎、止痛、抗糖尿病或抗溃疡活性。此外，过去十年的文献报道了与简单单杂环化合物相比具有改善生物学特性的苯并咪唑 - 三唑杂化物。本综述旨在提供这些杂化物合成方法的最新进展，以及它们的抗菌和抗病毒活性，以及文献中报道的构效关系。研究发现，连接在苯并咪唑和/或三唑核上的某些基团（-F、-Cl、-Br、-CF、-NO、-CN、-CHO、-OH、OCH、COOCH）的存在，以及一些杂环（吡啶、嘧啶、噻唑、吲哚、异恶唑、噻二唑、香豆素）的存在会增加苯并咪唑 - 三唑杂化物的抗菌活性。此外，连接苯并咪唑和三唑环的桥中氧或硫原子的存在通常会增加杂化物的抗菌活性。文献中仅提及具有抗病毒特性的苯并咪唑 - 1,2,3 - 三唑杂化物。对于抗菌和抗病毒杂化物而言，额外三唑环的存在会增加它们的生物活性，这与化合物的三维结合模式一致。本综述总结了2000年至2023年发表的文章中苯并咪唑三唑衍生物作为潜在抗菌和抗病毒剂的研究进展。
