Liu Guoqing, Hao Rongkai, Li Xiaotian, Gao Yucheng, Li Wenjie, Zhang Meijie
Institute of Physical Education and Training, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China.
School of Recreation and Community Sport, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China.
Children (Basel). 2023 Jul 12;10(7):1204. doi: 10.3390/children10071204.
The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between varying levels of obesity and physical fitness test scores among Chinese adolescents, while also investigating gender differences in physical fitness and overall health. Data on height, weight, 50 m sprints, 1000/800 m runs, standing long jumps, sit and reach exercises, pull-ups/bent-leg sit-ups, and additional variables were collected from the DYH health database. Physical fitness indicators were evaluated based on the revised 2014 National Physical Fitness Standards for Students, and scores were assigned accordingly. An ordinal logistic regression (ologit) model was employed to analyze the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and physical fitness.
(1) Normal-weight boys achieved significantly higher physical fitness test scores than boys in other weight categories. (2) Underweight and normal-weight girls obtained significantly higher physical fitness test scores compared to overweight and obese girls, with underweight girls scoring slightly higher than those with a normal weight.
(1) There is a significant non-linear relationship between BMI levels and physical fitness test scores. (2) Gender differences were observed in physical fitness and overall health outcome. (3) The findings indicate an inverted U-shaped association between BMI and physical fitness among boys, while girls displayed an inverse relationship. This could be attributed to the cultural association between thinness and beauty among girls in China.
本研究旨在探讨中国青少年不同肥胖水平与体能测试成绩之间的关系，同时调查体能和整体健康方面的性别差异。从DYH健康数据库收集了身高、体重、50米短跑、1000/800米跑、立定跳远、坐位体前屈、引体向上/屈膝仰卧起坐以及其他变量的数据。根据修订后的2014年《国家学生体质健康标准》对体能指标进行评估，并相应地给出分数。采用有序逻辑回归（ologit）模型分析体重指数（BMI）与体能之间的关系。
（1）正常体重的男孩体能测试成绩显著高于其他体重类别的男孩。（2）体重过轻和正常体重的女孩体能测试成绩显著高于超重和肥胖女孩，体重过轻的女孩得分略高于正常体重的女孩。
（1）BMI水平与体能测试成绩之间存在显著的非线性关系。（2）在体能和整体健康结果方面观察到了性别差异。（3）研究结果表明，男孩的BMI与体能之间呈倒U形关联，而女孩则呈负相关。这可能归因于中国女孩中瘦与美的文化关联。
