College of Physical Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Physical Education Teaching and Research Office, Lixia District Bureau of Education and Sports of Jinan City, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Front Public Health. 2022 Dec 8;10:1047501. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1047501. eCollection 2022.
Existing studies reporting on the levels of physical fitness among high school students use relatively few fitness tests for indicators of physical fitness, thus, incomprehensively evaluating the levels of physical fitness. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and physical fitness index (PFI) by investigating five physical fitness indicators and calculating PHI.
Anthropometric measurements and indicators from five measures of physical fitness (50-m sprint, sit and reach, standing long jump, 800/1,000-m run, pull-up/bent-leg sit-up) were assessed. BMI was calculated to classify individuals into underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese categories. -scores based on sex-specific mean and standard deviation were calculated, and the sum of -scores from the six fitness tests indicated the PFI. The findings were fitted to a linear regression model to elucidate the potential relationship between BMI and PFI.
In total, 176,655 high school students (male: 88,243, female: 88,412, age: 17.1 ± 1.05 years, height: 168.87 ± 11.1 cm, weight: 62.54 ± 15.15 kg) in Jinan, China, completed the physical fitness tests between 2020 and 2021. The one-way ANOVA models showed that PFI in the normal category was significantly higher as compared to all the other BMI categories within both male and female groups ( < 0.001), and PFI in the obese category was significantly lower as compared to all the other BMI categories for both male and female groups ( < 0.001). The association between PFI and BMI showed an inverted U-shape relationship.
This study demonstrated that BMI affects the PFI in both males and females. As compared to the obese and overweight categories based on BMI, significantly higher scores of PFI were observed for males and females.
现有的关于高中生身体素质水平的研究报告使用相对较少的身体素质测试指标来评估身体素质，因此无法全面评估身体素质水平。因此，本研究通过调查五项身体素质指标和计算 PHI，研究了体质指数（BMI）和身体素质指数（PFI）之间的关系。
测量了人体测量学指标和五项身体素质指标（50 米冲刺、坐前伸、立定跳远、800/1000 米跑、引体向上/屈腿仰卧起坐）的指标。根据性别特异性均值和标准差计算 BMI，并将个体分为消瘦、正常体重、超重和肥胖四类。计算了 -分数，并将六个体能测试的 -分数总和表示为 PFI。采用线性回归模型拟合结果，以阐明 BMI 与 PFI 之间的潜在关系。
在中国济南，共有 176655 名高中生（男生：88243 名，女生：88412 名，年龄：17.1±1.05 岁，身高：168.87±11.1cm，体重：62.54±15.15kg）在 2020 年至 2021 年间完成了身体素质测试。单因素方差分析模型显示，在男性和女性群体中，正常体重组的 PFI 显著高于其他所有 BMI 组（<0.001），而肥胖组的 PFI 显著低于其他所有 BMI 组（<0.001）。PFI 与 BMI 之间的关联呈倒 U 形关系。
本研究表明，BMI 会影响男性和女性的 PFI。与 BMI 定义的肥胖和超重类别相比，男性和女性的 PFI 得分明显更高。
