Cuevas-Martínez Claudia, Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo Ricardo, Losa-Iglesias Marta Elena, Casado-Hernández Israel, Navarro-Flores Emmanuel, Pérez-Palma Laura, Martiniano João, Gómez-Salgado Juan, López-López Daniel
Research, Health, and Podiatry Group, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Industrial Campus of Ferrol, Universidade da Coruña, 15403 Ferrol, Spain.
Departament de Podologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
Bioengineering (Basel). 2023 Jun 27;10(7):772. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering10070772.
Hallux limitus is a common foot disorder whose incidence has increased in the school-age population. Hallux limitus is characterized by musculoskeletal alteration that involves the metatarsophalangeal joint causing structural disorders in different anatomical areas of the locomotor system, affecting gait patterns. The aim of this study was to analyze dynamic plantar pressures in a school-aged population both with functional hallux and without.
A full sample of 100 subjects (50 male and 50 female) 7 to 12 years old was included. The subjects were identified in two groups: the case group (50 subjects characterized as having hallux limitus, 22 male and 28 female) and control group (50 subjects characterized as not having hallux limitus, 28 male and 22 female). Measurements were obtained while subjects walked barefoot in a relaxed manner along a baropodometric platform. The hallux limitus test was realized in a seated position to sort subjects out into an established study group. The variables checked in the research were the surface area supported by each lower limb, the maximum peak pressure of each lower limb, the maximum mean pressure of each lower limb, the body weight on the hallux of each foot, the body weight on the first metatarsal head of each foot, the body weight at the second metatarsal head of each foot, the body weight at the third and fourth metatarsal head of each foot, the body weight at the head of the fifth metatarsal of each foot, the body weight at the midfoot of each foot, and the body weight at the heel of each foot.
Non-significant results were obtained in the variable of pressure peaks between both study groups; the highest pressures were found in the hallux with a -value of 0.127 and in the first metatarsal head with a -value 0.354 in subjects with hallux limitus. A non-significant result with a -value of 0.156 was obtained at the second metatarsal head in healthy subjects. However, significant results were observed for third and fourth metatarsal head pressure in healthy subjects with a -value of 0.031 and regarding rearfoot pressure in subjects with functional hallux limitus with a -value of 0.023.
School-age subjects with hallux limitus during gait exhibit more average peak plantar pressure in the heel and less peak average plantar pressure in the third and fourth metatarsal head as compared to healthy children aged between 7 and 12 years old.
拇趾僵硬是一种常见的足部疾病，在学龄人口中的发病率有所上升。拇趾僵硬的特征是涉及跖趾关节的肌肉骨骼改变，导致运动系统不同解剖区域的结构紊乱，影响步态模式。本研究的目的是分析有功能性拇趾和无功能性拇趾的学龄人口的动态足底压力。
纳入100名7至12岁的受试者（50名男性和50名女性）作为完整样本。受试者被分为两组：病例组（50名被诊断为拇趾僵硬的受试者，22名男性和28名女性）和对照组（50名被诊断为无拇趾僵硬的受试者，28名男性和22名女性）。在受试者赤脚沿着足底压力测量平台以放松的方式行走时进行测量。拇趾僵硬测试在坐姿下进行，以将受试者分类到既定的研究组中。研究中检查的变量包括每个下肢支撑的表面积、每个下肢的最大峰值压力、每个下肢的最大平均压力、每只脚拇趾上的体重、每只脚第一跖骨头处的体重、每只脚第二跖骨头处的体重、每只脚第三和第四跖骨头处的体重、每只脚第五跖骨头处的体重、每只脚中足处的体重以及每只脚后跟处的体重。
两个研究组在压力峰值变量上均未获得显著结果；在拇趾僵硬的受试者中，拇趾处的最高压力值为0.127，第一跖骨头处的最高压力值为0.354。健康受试者在第二跖骨头处获得的非显著结果的p值为0.156。然而，在健康受试者中，第三和第四跖骨头压力的显著结果的p值为0.031，在功能性拇趾僵硬受试者中后足压力的显著结果的p值为0.023。
与7至12岁的健康儿童相比，患有拇趾僵硬的学龄受试者在步态中足跟处的平均峰值足底压力更高，而在第三和第四跖骨头处的峰值平均足底压力更低。
