State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hongshan Laboratory of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice of Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Center for Plant Biotechnology and Germplasm Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
Institute of Advanced Biotechnology and School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518036, China.
Genes (Basel). 2023 Jul 8;14(7):1411. doi: 10.3390/genes14071411.
Plastid genomes (plastomes) of angiosperms are well known for their relative stability in size, structure, and gene content. However, little is known about their heredity and variations in wide crossing. To such an end, the plastomes of five representative rice backcross inbred lines (BILs) developed from crosses of / were analyzed. We found that the size of all plastomes was about 134,580 bp, with a quadripartite structure that included a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions, a small single-copy (SSC) region and a large single-copy (LSC) region. They contained 76 protein genes, 4 rRNA genes, and 30 tRNA genes. Although their size, structure, and gene content were stable, repeat-mediated recombination, gene expression, and RNA editing were extensively changed between the maternal line and the BILs. These novel discoveries demonstrate that wide crossing causes not only nuclear genomic recombination, but also plastome variation in plants, and that the plastome plays a critical role in coordinating the nuclear-cytoplasmic interaction.
植物叶绿体基因组（plastomes）以其在大小、结构和基因组成上的相对稳定性而闻名。然而，对于它们在广泛杂交中的遗传和变异，人们知之甚少。为此，我们分析了来自 / 杂交的五个代表性水稻回交自交系（BILs）的叶绿体基因组。我们发现，所有叶绿体基因组的大小约为 134580bp，具有四分体结构，包括一对反向重复（IR）区、一个小单拷贝（SSC）区和一个大单拷贝（LSC）区。它们包含 76 个蛋白基因、4 个 rRNA 基因和 30 个 tRNA 基因。尽管它们的大小、结构和基因组成稳定，但在母本和 BILs 之间，重复介导的重组、基因表达和 RNA 编辑广泛发生了变化。这些新的发现表明，广泛杂交不仅导致了核基因组的重组，还导致了植物叶绿体基因组的变异，并且叶绿体基因组在协调核质相互作用方面起着关键作用。
