Kighuta Kabuyaya, Kim Sun-Woo, Hou Yao-Long, Lee Kwang-Pill, Kim Wha-Jung
Department of Civil Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
GOONWORLD Corporate Research Institute, Dong-gu Inovalley 26 Road 9-115, Daegu 41065, Republic of Korea.
Materials (Basel). 2023 Jul 10;16(14):4931. doi: 10.3390/ma16144931.
A facile and cost-effective approach assisted by ball milling (BM) of commercial titanium dioxide (TiO), has been utilized to develop cheaper and efficient construction materials. At least three of the commercial and cheaper TiO samples (BA01-01, BA01-01+ and R996, designated as A1, A4 and R1, respectively) were selected and subjected to BM treatment to enhance their photocatalytic efficiencies, if possible. It was noted, that the samples A1, A4 and R1 were typical composites of TiO and calcium carbonate (CaCO) and contained varying proportions of anatase, and rutile phases of TiO and CaCO. Two of the highly efficient commercial TiO samples, Degussa P25 (simply designated as P25) and ST01 (Ishihara Ind.) were selected for making benchmark comparisons of photocatalytic efficiencies. The BM treated TiO samples (designated as TiO-BM with respect to A1, A4 and R1) were evaluated for photocatalytic efficiencies both in both aqueous (methylene blue (MB)) and gaseous (NO) photodegradation reactions. Based on detailed comparative investigations, it was observed that A1-BM photocatalyst exhibited superior photocatalytic performances over A4-BM and R1-BM, towards both MB and NO photodegradation reactions. The difference of NO photodegradation efficiency between the mortar mixed with A1-BM and that mixed with ST01, and P-25 at 15% were 16.6%, and 32.4%, respectively. Even though the mortar mixed with A1-BM at 15% composition exhibited a slightly lower NO photodegradation efficiency as compared to mortar mixed with the expensive ST01 and P-25 photocatalysts, the present work promises an economic application in the eco-friendly construction materials for air purification considering the far lower cost of A1. The reasons for the superior performance of A1-BM were deduced through characterization of optical properties, surface characteristics, phase composition, morphology, microstructure and particle size distribution between pristine and BM treated A1 using characterization techniques such as diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy and particle size analysis.
一种通过球磨（BM）辅助的简便且经济高效的方法，已被用于开发更便宜且高效的建筑材料，该方法以商业二氧化钛（TiO₂）为原料。至少选取了三种商业上较便宜的TiO₂样品（分别为BA01 - 01、BA01 - 01 + 和R996，分别指定为A1、A4和R1），并对其进行球磨处理，以尽可能提高它们的光催化效率。值得注意的是，样品A1、A4和R1是TiO₂和碳酸钙（CaCO₃）的典型复合材料，并且含有不同比例的TiO₂和CaCO₃的锐钛矿相和金红石相。选取了两种高效的商业TiO₂样品，即德固赛P25（简称为P25）和ST01（石原产业株式会社），用于进行光催化效率的基准比较。对经过球磨处理的TiO₂样品（相对于A1、A4和R1分别指定为TiO₂ - BM）在水相（亚甲基蓝（MB））和气态（NO）光降解反应中进行了光催化效率评估。基于详细的对比研究，观察到A1 - BM光催化剂在MB和NO光降解反应中均表现出优于A4 - BM和R1 - BM的光催化性能。与ST01以及15%含量的P - 25混合的砂浆相比，与A1 - BM混合的砂浆在NO光降解效率上的差异分别为16.6%和32.4%。尽管与昂贵的ST01和P - 25光催化剂混合的砂浆相比，15%组成的与A1 - BM混合的砂浆在NO光降解效率上略低，但考虑到A1的成本远低得多，本研究有望在用于空气净化的环保建筑材料中实现经济应用。通过使用漫反射光谱、X射线光电子能谱、X射线衍射分析、场发射扫描电子显微镜和粒度分析等表征技术，对原始A1和经过球磨处理的A1之间的光学性质、表面特性、相组成、形态、微观结构和粒度分布进行表征，推断出A1 - BM具有优异性能的原因。
