Castro-Santiago Ana Carolina, Lima-Duarte Leidiane, Camargo Jaqueline Valeria, De Almeida Beatriz Rocha, Simons Simone Michaela, Mathias Luis Antonio, Bassini-Silva Ricardo, Machado Rosangela Zacarias, André Marcos Rogério, Barros-Battesti Darci Moraes
Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, Brazil.
Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, Paulista State University, Jaboticabal 14884-900, Brazil.
Microorganisms. 2023 Jun 28;11(7):1680. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11071680.
is a Gram-negative, obligate intraerythrocytic bacterium that causes bovine anaplasmosis. While hard ticks of the genera and can be biological vectors, transmitting this pathogen via saliva during blood meals, blood-sucking insects, and fomites play a role as mechanical vectors. Little is known about the interaction between and Argasidae ticks. Among soft ticks, (Labruna and Venzal) and Aragão inhabit environments surrounding localities where many cases of bovine anaplasmosis have been reported. Ticks of the species parasitize bats, while can parasitize different vertebrate species. Therefore, the present study aimed to feed third-instar nymphs artificially (N3) of and using blood samples obtained from a calf naturally infected with and rabbit blood added to containing bovine erythrocytes, to investigate the ability of these nymphs to acquire, infect and transstadially perpetuate this agent. For the artificial feeding system, adapted chambers and parafilm membranes were used. Nymphs of both tick species were submitted to different replications weighed before and after each feeding. Blood samples and molted ticks were submitted to DNA extraction, quantitative real-time PCR for the β gene to detect DNA, while a semi-nested polymerase chain reaction for the α gene was performed for genotyping. Using calf blood naturally infected with , among the three artificial feeding replications performed with and nymphs, the DNA of was detected in both nymphs after 30-50 days of molting. For artificial feeding with rabbit blood added to bovine erythrocytes containing , the DNA of this pathogen was also detected in both nymph species. As for the assay for the 1α gene, strains were found Is9; 78 24-2; 25; 23; α; and β. It was concluded that nymphs (N3) of and could feed artificially through a parafilm membrane using blood from calves and rabbits infected by . The DNA of was detected in nymphs fed artificially of both tick species studied after molt. However, further studies are needed to confirm transstadial perpetuation in other instars and their host transmission capacity.
是一种革兰氏阴性、专性红细胞内细菌，可引起牛无浆体病。虽然璃眼蜱属和硬蜱属的硬蜱可以作为生物传播媒介，在吸血时通过唾液传播这种病原体，但吸血昆虫和污染物作为机械传播媒介也发挥着作用。关于与argasidae蜱之间的相互作用知之甚少。在软蜱中，（Labruna和Venzal）和Aragão栖息在报告了许多牛无浆体病病例的地区周围的环境中。该物种的蜱寄生于蝙蝠，而可寄生于不同的脊椎动物物种。因此，本研究旨在使用从自然感染的小牛获得的血样和添加到含有牛红细胞的兔血，人工喂养和的三龄若虫（N3），以研究这些若虫获取、感染和经变态传播这种病原体的能力。对于人工喂养系统，使用了适配的饲养室和保鲜膜。两种蜱的若虫在每次喂食前后称重，进行不同次数的重复喂养。采集血样和蜕化的蜱进行DNA提取，通过针对β基因的定量实时PCR检测DNA，同时针对α基因进行半巢式聚合酶链反应进行基因分型。使用自然感染的小牛血液，在用和若虫进行的三次人工喂养重复实验中，蜕皮30 - 50天后在两种若虫中均检测到了的DNA。对于添加到含有牛红细胞的兔血进行人工喂养，在两种若虫物种中也检测到了这种病原体的DNA。至于1α基因检测，发现了Is9、78 24 - 2、25、23、α和β菌株。得出的结论是，和的若虫（N3）可以使用感染的小牛和兔子的血液通过保鲜膜进行人工喂养。在研究的两种蜱的人工喂养若虫蜕皮后检测到了的DNA。然而，需要进一步研究以确认在其他龄期的经变态传播及其宿主传播能力。
