Chen Zhicheng, Fu Xinming, Liu Rui, Song Yiheng, Yin Xianze
College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials & Advanced Processing Technology, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2023 Jul 11;13(14):2048. doi: 10.3390/nano13142048.
Aerogel, known as one of the remarkable materials in the 21st century, possesses exceptional characteristics such as high specific surface area, porosity, and elasticity, making it suitable for a diverse range of applications. In recent years, MXene-based aerogels and MXene composite aerogels as functional materials have solved some limitations of traditional aerogels, such as improving the electrical conductivity of biomass and silicon aerogels, further improving the energy storage capacity of carbon aerogels, enhancing polymer-based aerogels, etc. Consequently, extensive research efforts have been dedicated to investigating MXene-based aerogels, positioning them at the forefront of material science studies. This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent advancements in the preparation, properties, and applications of MXene-based composite aerogels. The primary construction strategies employed (including direct synthesis from MXene dispersions and incorporation of MXene within existing substrates) for fabricating MXene-based aerogels are summarized. Furthermore, the desirable properties (including their applications in electrochemistry, electromagnetic shielding, sensing, and adsorption) of MXene composite aerogels are highlighted. This paper delves into a detailed discussion on the fundamental properties of composite aerogel systems, elucidating the intricate structure-property relationships. Finally, an outlook is provided on the opportunities and challenges for the mass production and functional applications of MXene composite aerogels in the field of material engineering.
气凝胶被誉为21世纪卓越的材料之一，具有高比表面积、孔隙率和弹性等优异特性，使其适用于各种应用。近年来，基于MXene的气凝胶和MXene复合气凝胶作为功能材料解决了传统气凝胶的一些局限性，如提高生物质气凝胶和硅气凝胶的电导率、进一步提高碳气凝胶的储能能力、增强聚合物基气凝胶等。因此，大量的研究工作致力于研究基于MXene的气凝胶，使其处于材料科学研究的前沿。本文全面综述了基于MXene的复合气凝胶在制备、性能和应用方面的最新进展。总结了制备基于MXene的气凝胶所采用的主要构建策略（包括从MXene分散体直接合成以及将MXene掺入现有基质中）。此外，还强调了MXene复合气凝胶的理想性能（包括它们在电化学、电磁屏蔽、传感和吸附方面的应用）。本文深入讨论了复合气凝胶系统的基本性能，阐明了复杂的结构-性能关系。最后，展望了MXene复合气凝胶在材料工程领域大规模生产和功能应用的机遇与挑战。
