Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, 801507, India.
Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jul 29;13(1):12317. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-38211-9.
Literature is highly inconsistent in describing the proximal attachment of the anterolateral ligament (ALL) and its relationship with the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) in human knees. This observational study aims to investigate that lacuna. The gross dissection was performed in the lower limbs (n = 83) from the donated adult-age (> 18 years) embalmed cadavers from medical institutions in the north and east India. The dissected knee specimens were first examined macroscopically. Further routine and special staining and microscopic examinations were performed. The ALL was absent in approximately 20.4% of the studied knee specimens (17/83). In remaining, the sharing of ALL and LCL proximal fibers was observed as a consistent finding (~ 97%) with rare exceptions. The mean length of the tibial and meniscal limbs of ALL was 1.57 ± 0.8 cm [Range (R) 0.5-4 cm] and 0.73 ± 0.47 cm [Range (R) 0.1-1.6 cm], respectively. In addition, multiple variations in its presentation were observed. We propose that the proximal sharing of LCL-ALL fibers is a dominant feature in the studied population. The sharing of the fibers may impact the biomechanics and injury mechanisms for both ligaments. The possibility of ethnic variations in the ALL morphology should be a concern during reconstruction surgery.
文献在描述前外侧韧带（ALL）的近端附着及其与外侧副韧带（LCL）在人类膝关节中的关系时高度不一致。本观察性研究旨在探讨这一空白。下肢（n=83）取自印度北部和东部医疗机构的捐赠成人（>18 岁）防腐尸体进行大体解剖。首先对解剖的膝关节标本进行宏观检查。然后进行常规和特殊染色以及显微镜检查。在大约 20.4%的研究膝关节标本中（17/83），未见前外侧韧带。在其余的标本中，ALL 和 LCL 近端纤维的共享是一个一致的发现（~97%），但也有罕见的例外。ALL 的胫骨和半月板支的平均长度分别为 1.57±0.8cm[范围（R）0.5-4cm]和 0.73±0.47cm[范围（R）0.1-1.6cm]。此外，还观察到其呈现的多种变异。我们提出，LCL-ALL 纤维的近端共享是研究人群中的主要特征。纤维的共享可能会影响这两个韧带的生物力学和损伤机制。在重建手术中，应考虑 ALL 形态的种族差异的可能性。
