RDI Sustainable Wellbeing, South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences, 48220 Kotka, Finland; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00140 Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00140 Helsinki, Finland; Unit of Strategy and Research, City of Vantaa, 01300 Vantaa, Finland.
Int Emerg Nurs. 2023 Sep;70:101318. doi: 10.1016/j.ienj.2023.101318. Epub 2023 Jul 28.
Emergency Response Driving (ERD) comprises a significant risk to safety in Emergency Medical Services (EMS). Crew Resource Management (CRM) tools play a major role in securing actions in high-risk procedures. The aim of this study was to find consensus on the important factors to consider when applying CRM tools in ERD and patient transport.
ERD experts (n = 50) were recruited for a modified three-round Delphi study. Round 1 was based on previous research. The experts evaluated the items as important, neutral, or not important. The predetermined level of consensus was set at ≥ 80%. Answers given to the open-ended questions were analyzed using inductive content analysis.
Predetermined consensus was reached on 64 of 86 presented items (74.4 %). The mean values of items reaching consensus varied between 3.81 and 4.86 on a five-point Likert scale. The items where consensus was reached were rated as "important" on a trichotomized scale.
Multiple important factors to consider when applying CRM tools to ERD and patient transport were highlighted. This study provides valuable information to consider regarding EMS safety improvements. Further scientific research is needed to develop comprehensive recommendations.
应急响应驾驶（ERD）是紧急医疗服务（EMS）安全的重大风险因素。机组资源管理（CRM）工具在确保高危程序中的行动安全方面发挥着重要作用。本研究旨在就 ERD 和患者转运中应用 CRM 工具时需要考虑的重要因素达成共识。
招募了 50 名应急响应驾驶专家参与改良的三轮 Delphi 研究。第一轮基于先前的研究。专家们将项目评估为重要、中性或不重要。预定的共识水平设定为≥80%。对开放式问题的回答使用归纳内容分析法进行分析。
在提出的 86 项中有 64 项达成了预定的共识（74.4%）。达成共识的项目的平均值在五点李克特量表上在 3.81 到 4.86 之间。在 trichotomized 量表上，达成共识的项目被评为“重要”。
强调了在 ERD 和患者转运中应用 CRM 工具时需要考虑的多个重要因素。本研究为提高 EMS 安全性提供了有价值的信息。需要进一步的科学研究来制定全面的建议。
