Fairfax Terrace; Frankleigh Park; New Plymouth 4310; New Zealand..
Zootaxa. 2023 May 1;5277(1):1-58. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.5277.1.1.
The Late Triassic spiriferinides of Zealandia include the endemic or Austral genera Rastelligera, Psioidea and Psioidiella, and the cosmopolitan Zugmayerella. Mentzelia kawhiana is revised and placed in Callospiriferina. It appears in the late Rhaetian and is found in the Téremba Terrane in New Caledonia and throughout the Murihiku Terrane in New Zealand. The spiriferinides were severely affected at the Triassic-Jurassic boundary in Zealandia as elsewhere, but a moderately diverse fauna developed in the Early Jurassic. This has strong links to South America, and affinities with southern Europe and North Africa. In this study, a total of six species of Jurassic spiriferinides are recognised. Callospiriferina ongley is present in middle and late Hettangian and Sinemurian faunas. It is succeeded in the Pliensbachian and early Toarcian by Callospiriferina radiata. Two species of Spiriferina are recognised. S. sophiaealbae n. sp. first appears in the Middle Hettangian and is present in the Southland and Kawhia Synclines until the early Toarcian. S. arakiwa n. sp. is found mainly on the southwest limb of the Southland Syncline in the Pliensbachian and early Toarcian. The non-costate European genus Cisnerospira is represented in Zealandia by the small C. antipoda n. sp. This species ranges from Hettangian to early Toarcian. Two specimens of a spiriferinide with a costate sulcus are tentatively identified as Dispiriferina sp. cf. D. chilensis. The highest stratigraphic level at which Zealandian spiriferinides have been found is that of the Dactylioceras band at Kawhia, which is correlated with the Crassum Subzone of the Bifrons Zone (highest Early Toarcian) and includes three species of spiriferinide. This suggests that the Zealandian spiriferinides survived the Toarcian Event, only to meet their demise slightly later.
新西兰晚三叠世的石燕贝类包括地方性或澳洲属的 Rastelligera、Psioidea 和 Psioidiella 以及世界性的 Zugmayerella。Mentzelia kawhiana 被修订并归入 Callospiriferina。它出现在晚三叠世，在新喀里多尼亚的 Téremba 地体和新西兰的 Murihiku 地体中均有发现。与其他地区一样，石燕贝类在新西兰的三叠纪-侏罗纪界线遭受了严重影响，但在早侏罗世形成了一个多样化程度适中的动物群。这个动物群与南美洲、南欧和北非都有很强的联系。在本研究中，共识别出六种侏罗纪石燕贝类。Callospiriferina ongley 存在于中-晚赫塘阶和辛涅缪尔阶的动物群中。在普里安阶和早图阿尔阶，它被 Callospiriferina radiata 取代。还识别出两种 Spiriferina。S. sophiaealbae n. sp. 首次出现在中赫塘阶，存在于南地峡和卡怀亚向斜，直到早图阿尔阶。S. arakiwa n. sp. 主要分布在南地峡向斜的西南翼，在普里安阶和早图阿尔阶。欧洲无肋的 Cisnerospira 属在新西兰由小的 C. antipoda n. sp. 代表。该物种分布于赫塘阶至早图阿尔阶。两个具有肋状槽的石燕贝类标本被暂定为 Dispiriferina sp. cf. D. chilensis。在新西兰发现的石燕贝类的最高地层是卡怀亚的 Dactylioceras 带，与 Bifrons 带的 Crassum 亚带（最高早图阿尔阶）相关，包括三种石燕贝类。这表明新西兰的石燕贝类在图阿尔阶事件中幸存下来，只是稍后才灭绝。
