McGurk Katherine, Tracey Joseph Anthony, Daley Dane N, Daly Charles Andrew
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina Charleston, SC.
J Hand Surg Glob Online. 2022 Dec 16;5(4):525-535. doi: 10.1016/j.jhsg.2022.10.010. eCollection 2023 Jul.
Peripheral nerve compression of the upper extremity is a common pathology often necessitating surgical intervention, much is known, but much more is left to understand. For the more common pathologies, carpal tunnel syndrome, cubital tunnel syndrome, and ulnar tunnel syndrome, research and clinical efforts directed toward standardization and reduction of resource use have been attempted with varied success. Diagnosis of many of these syndromes is largely based on a proper history and physical examination. Electrodiagnostic studies continue to have value, but proportionally less than previous decades. In addition, emerging technologies, including magnetic resonance neurography, novel ultrasound evaluation techniques, and ultrasound-guided diagnostic injections, are beginning to demonstrate their ability to add value to the diagnostic algorithm, particularly when less common compressive neuropathies are present and/or the diagnosis is in question.
上肢周围神经受压是一种常见的病理情况，常常需要手术干预。虽然我们已经了解了很多，但仍有更多有待探索。对于更常见的病理情况，如腕管综合征、肘管综合征和尺管综合征，人们已经尝试通过研究和临床努力来实现标准化并减少资源使用，不过成效各异。许多这类综合征的诊断很大程度上基于恰当的病史和体格检查。电诊断研究仍然具有价值，但与过去几十年相比，其价值有所降低。此外，新兴技术，包括磁共振神经造影、新型超声评估技术以及超声引导下的诊断性注射，正开始展现出它们为诊断算法增添价值的能力，特别是在存在不太常见的压迫性神经病变和/或诊断存在疑问的情况下。
