急诊科医师自评健康及其相关影响因素的全国横断面研究。
Self-rated health and its related influencing factors among emergency department physicians: a national cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Department of Finance, Southampton Business School, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
出版信息
Front Public Health. 2023 Jul 13;11:1147403. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1147403. eCollection 2023.
BACKGROUND
Protecting and improving the personal health of healthcare workers is critical to improving the efficiency and quality of care. To effectively meet the needs of the emergency service system, emergency physicians need to be in a good state of health. However, due to the special characteristics of work in the emergency department, emergency physicians have to face various psychosocial pressures, which may bring them physical and mental distress. Therefore, this study aims to explore the emergency physicians' self-rated health status and its related factors, to provide an empirical study for the improvement of emergency physicians' self-rated health status.
METHOD
A cross-sectional survey of emergency physicians was conducted in China between July and August 2018. The questionnaires contained items on demographic characteristics, behavioral lifestyle and job-related factors, as well as self-rated health. The generalized ordinal logistic model was used to identify related factors of emergency physicians' self-rated health status.
RESULTS
Only 14.4% of Chinese emergency physicians considered themselves in good health status. Results showed that emergency physicians who never exercised (β = 0.76, < 0.001) and exercised <2 times per week (β = 0.34, < 0.001) were more likely to report poor health status. In addition, emergency physicians with good sleep quality (β = -3.84, < 0.001), fewer night work shifts (β = -0.47, < 0.001), less frequency of visiting patients (β = -0.33, < 0.001), never suffered the workplace violence (β = -0.47, < 0.001) and never perceived effort-reward imbalance (β = -0.68, < 0.001) were more likely to report good self-rated health.
CONCLUSION
Chinese emergency physicians' self-rated health status was not optimistic. Self-rated health is associated with multiple domains of work-related factors and personal lifestyle. Feasible measures should be taken to improve the working environment of emergency physicians, develop acceptable shift schedules for employees, monitor and maintain the health status of emergency department physicians.
背景
保护和改善医护人员的个人健康对于提高医疗服务的效率和质量至关重要。为了有效满足急诊服务系统的需求，急诊医师需要保持良好的健康状态。然而，由于急诊科工作的特殊性质，急诊医师不得不面对各种社会心理压力，这可能给他们带来身心困扰。因此，本研究旨在探讨急诊医师的自我评估健康状况及其相关因素，为改善急诊医师的自我评估健康状况提供实证研究。
方法
2018 年 7 月至 8 月，在中国进行了一项横断面调查，调查对象为急诊医师。问卷内容包括人口统计学特征、行为生活方式和与工作相关的因素以及自我评估健康状况。采用广义有序逻辑回归模型来确定与急诊医师自我评估健康状况相关的因素。
结果
仅有 14.4%的中国急诊医师认为自己的健康状况良好。结果表明，从不锻炼（β=0.76， < 0.001）和每周锻炼<2 次（β=0.34， < 0.001）的急诊医师更有可能报告健康状况不佳。此外，睡眠质量良好（β=-3.84， < 0.001）、夜班次数少（β=-0.47， < 0.001）、就诊次数少（β=-0.33， < 0.001）、从未遭受过工作场所暴力（β=-0.47， < 0.001）和从未感到付出与回报失衡（β=-0.68， < 0.001）的急诊医师更有可能报告自我评估健康状况良好。
结论
中国急诊医师的自我评估健康状况不容乐观。自我评估健康状况与工作相关因素和个人生活方式的多个领域相关。应采取可行的措施改善急诊医师的工作环境，为员工制定可接受的轮班时间表，监测和维护急诊医师的健康状况。
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