Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
Department of Plant Pathology, Agricultural College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550001, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Sep;30(41):93900-93915. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-29043-1. Epub 2023 Jul 31.
In recent decades, the phenomenon of rapid urbanization in various parts of the world has led to a significant increase in PM concentration, which has emerged as a growing social concern. In order to achieve the objective of sustainable development, the United Nations Global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have established the goal of creating inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable cities and human habitats (SDG 11). Goal 11.6 aims to decrease the negative environmental impact per capita in cities, with an emphasis on urban air quality and waste management. However, the global distribution of PM pollution varies due to disparities in urbanization development in different regions. The purpose of this paper is to explore the global spatial distribution and temporal variation of PM in cities with populations greater than 300,000 from 2000 to 2020, to gain insight into the issue. The findings indicate that PM concentrations are expected to continue increasing as urbanization progresses, but the rate of evolution of PM concentration varies depending on the continent, country, and city. From 2000 to 2020, PM concentration increased significantly in Asia and Africa, with the majority of the increased concentrations located in Asian countries and some African countries. On the other hand, most European and American countries had lower PM concentrations. The results of this study have the potential to inform urbanization policy formulation by providing knowledge about the spatial distribution of PM pollution during global urbanization. Addressing the issue of PM pollution is critical in achieving SDG 11.6 and promoting sustainable and coordinated development in cities worldwide.
近几十年来，世界各地区快速城市化的现象导致 PM 浓度显著增加，这已成为一个日益受到关注的社会问题。为了实现可持续发展目标，联合国全球可持续发展目标（SDGs）设定了创建包容、安全、有韧性和可持续的城市和人类住区的目标（SDG 11）。目标 11.6 旨在减少城市人均的负面环境影响，重点是城市空气质量和废物管理。然而，由于不同地区城市化发展的差异，全球 PM 污染的分布情况也有所不同。本文旨在探讨 2000 年至 2020 年期间，人口超过 30 万的城市中 PM 的全球空间分布和时间变化，以深入了解这一问题。研究结果表明，随着城市化进程的推进，PM 浓度预计将继续增加，但 PM 浓度的演变速度因大陆、国家和城市而异。2000 年至 2020 年期间，亚洲和非洲的 PM 浓度显著增加，大部分浓度增加的地区位于亚洲国家和一些非洲国家。另一方面，大多数欧洲和美洲国家的 PM 浓度较低。本研究的结果有可能为城市化政策的制定提供信息，了解全球城市化进程中 PM 污染的空间分布情况。解决 PM 污染问题对于实现 SDG 11.6 以及促进全球城市的可持续和协调发展至关重要。
