Nadiger Meghana, Sendi Prithvi, Martinez Paul A, Totapally Balagangadhar R
From the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria Illinois.
Division of Critical Care Medicine, Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, Florida.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2023 Nov 1;42(11):960-964. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000004055. Epub 2023 Jul 28.
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are 2 common causes of acute respiratory tract infections in infants and young children. The objective of this study is to compare the demographics and outcomes of children hospitalized with HMPV and RSV infections in the United States.
We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of children 1 month to less than 3 years old discharged during 2016 with HMPV or RSV infection using the Kids' Inpatient Database. Children with HMPV and RSV coinfection were excluded. Data were weighted for national estimates.
There were 6585 children with HMPV infection and 70,824 with RSV infection discharged during the study period. The mean age of children with HMPV infection was higher than that of children with RSV infection (0.73 ± 0.8 vs. 0.42 ± 0.7 years; P < 0.05). The mortality rate was significantly higher in children with the presence of any complex chronic conditions compared to those without, in both HMPV [odds ratio (OR): 32.42; CI: 9.931-105.857; P < 0.05] as well as RSV (OR: 35.81; CI: 21.12-57.97; P < 0.05) groups. The adjusted median length of stay was longer (4.64 days; CI: 4.52-4.76 days vs. 3.33 days; CI: 3.31-3.35 days; P < 0.001) and total charges were higher ($44,358; CI: $42,145-$46,570 vs. $22,839; CI: $22,512-$23,166; P < 0.001), with HMPV infection. The mortality rate was similar in HMPV infection compared to RSV infection on multivariable analysis (OR: 1.48; P > 0.05).
In hospitalized children in the United States, HMPV infection is less common than RSV infection. Complex chronic conditions are more prevalent in children hospitalized with HMPV infection. Hospitalization with HMPV is associated with longer length of stay and higher hospital charges. The adjusted mortality is similar with both infections.
人偏肺病毒（HMPV）和呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是婴幼儿急性呼吸道感染的2种常见病因。本研究的目的是比较美国因HMPV和RSV感染住院儿童的人口统计学特征和结局。
我们使用儿童住院数据库对2016年期间出院的1个月至未满3岁的HMPV或RSV感染儿童进行了一项回顾性队列分析。排除HMPV和RSV合并感染的儿童。数据进行加权以获得全国估计值。
在研究期间，有6585名HMPV感染儿童和70824名RSV感染儿童出院。HMPV感染儿童的平均年龄高于RSV感染儿童（0.73±0.8岁对0.42±0.7岁；P<0.05）。在HMPV组[比值比（OR）：32.42；可信区间（CI）：9.931 - 105.857；P<0.05]和RSV组（OR：35.81；CI：21.12 - 57.97；P<0.05）中，有任何复杂慢性病的儿童死亡率均显著高于无复杂慢性病的儿童。HMPV感染患儿调整后的中位住院时间更长（4.64天；CI：4.52 - 4.76天对3.33天；CI：3.31 - 3.35天；P<0.001），总费用更高（44358美元；CI：42145 - 46570美元对22839美元；CI：22512 - 23166美元；P<0.001）。多变量分析显示，HMPV感染的死亡率与RSV感染相似（OR：1.48；P>0.05）。
在美国住院儿童中，HMPV感染比RSV感染少见。复杂慢性病在因HMPV感染住院的儿童中更为普遍。HMPV感染住院与更长的住院时间和更高的住院费用相关。两种感染调整后的死亡率相似。
