法国“黄背心”抗议活动中，防御性弹丸发射器造成的伤害与资源利用：一项回顾性研究。
Injuries caused by defensive bullet launchers and resource utilization during the French yellow vests protests: A retrospective study.
机构信息
IMPEC Federation, 103 boulevard Magenta, 75010 Paris, France; Emergency Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France; Toxicology and Chemical Risks Department, French Armed Forces Biomedical Institute, Base aérienne 217, 91220 Bretigny-Sur-Orges, France.
Emergency Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France.
出版信息
Am J Emerg Med. 2023 Oct;72:122-126. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2023.07.023. Epub 2023 Jul 17.
BACKGROUND
In 2018, the French "Yellow Vest" social protest movement spread with weekly demonstrations resulting in confrontations between protesters and law enforcement. Non-lethal weapons, such as defensive bullet launchers (DBL) were used, and significant injuries have been reported through media, leading to public controversy regarding their use. These injuries are not well-known to civilian emergency physicians. The aim of this study is to describe the injuries caused by DBL among Emergency Department (ED) patients during these demonstrations and to identify the characteristics that required specialized care and hospital admission.
METHODS
A multicenter retrospective study was conducted in 7 EDs of academic hospitals in Paris, France. Adult ED patients who presented with DBL injuries during "yellow vest" strikes between November 2018 and May 2019 were included. The primary outcome was the rate of DBL patients requiring hospital admission. We also compared the characteristics of the injuries and the care provided between the admitted patients and other DBL patients.
RESULTS
152 patients were included. 17% were admitted to hospital, with 19% of them being transferred to intensive care units. 49% of all patients had head, face, eye or neck injuries including 4 cases of intracranial hemorrhage, 1 carotide dissection, 1 laryngeal edema, 1 pneumencephalus. 11% of all patients presented with multiple wounds, and 28% had fractures (77% of admitted patients vs 18%, p < 0.001). Surgery was required for 20% of all patients (62% of admitted patients vs 10%, p < 0.001). Maxillofacial surgery was performed on 38% of admitted patients, orthopedic surgery on 25%, and neurosurgery on 13%. No death were reported.
CONCLUSION
The use of DBL during the "yellow vest" civil strikes was associated with a high rate of head, face, eye or neck injuries among injured ED patients. Hospital admission was associated with a higher rate of fractures, with most of them requiring maxillofacial, orthopedic and neurosurgeries.
背景
2018 年，法国“黄背心”社会抗议运动蔓延，每周都有示威活动，抗议者与执法人员发生冲突。非致命性武器，如防御性弹丸发射器（DBL）被使用，并且媒体报道了大量的受伤情况，这导致了公众对其使用的争议。这些伤害对于平民急诊医生来说并不熟悉。本研究的目的是描述在这些示威活动中急诊科（ED）患者因 DBL 造成的伤害，并确定需要专科护理和住院治疗的特征。
方法
在法国巴黎的 7 家学术医院的急诊科进行了一项多中心回顾性研究。纳入 2018 年 11 月至 2019 年 5 月期间因“黄背心”罢工而出现 DBL 伤害的成年 ED 患者。主要结局是需要住院治疗的 DBL 患者的比例。我们还比较了住院患者和其他 DBL 患者的损伤特征和提供的护理。
结果
共纳入 152 例患者。17%的患者住院，其中 19%转入重症监护病房。所有患者中有 49%有头部、面部、眼睛或颈部损伤，包括 4 例颅内出血、1 例颈动脉夹层、1 例喉水肿、1 例气颅。所有患者中有 11%存在多处伤口，28%有骨折（所有患者中有 77%的住院患者 vs 18%，p<0.001）。所有患者中有 20%需要手术（所有住院患者中有 62% vs 10%，p<0.001）。所有患者中有 38%接受了颌面外科手术，25%接受了骨科手术，13%接受了神经外科手术。没有死亡报告。
结论
在“黄背心”公民罢工期间使用 DBL 与急诊科受伤患者中头、面、眼或颈部受伤的发生率较高相关。住院与骨折发生率较高相关，其中大多数需要颌面外科、骨科和神经外科手术。
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