Iserson Kenneth V
Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States of America.
Am J Emerg Med. 2023 Oct;72:132-136. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2023.07.045. Epub 2023 Jul 26.
Magical thinking is a cognitive process characterized by beliefs in supernatural causality and the power of rituals. Grounded in personal convictions rather than objective reality, it involves subjective beliefs rather than magic tricks. Magical thinking's effects range from potentially positive, such as bringing hope and comfort, to negative consequences, including delays in seeking appropriate medical care and refusing evidence-based treatments. This article provides an overview of magical thinking, including its prevalence, diverse forms, and influence on patients, families, and emergency physicians (EPs). This article offers guidelines for recognizing signs of magical thinking and emphasizes the importance of respectful and empathetic interactions with patients and their families. Highlighting both the benefits and detriments of magical thinking in Emergency Medical (EM) care, the article discusses the knowledge and tools needed to optimize patient outcomes. It acknowledges the varying belief systems and cultural practices that contribute to the prevalence of magical thinking. For physicians and other EM professionals, addressing magical thinking requires cultural competence and empathetic engagement. Active listening and shared decision-making are essential to promote positive patient outcomes. By recognizing and understanding magical thinking and fostering effective communication, EPs can navigate the delicate balance of addressing patients' beliefs while delivering evidence-based care.
奇幻思维是一种认知过程，其特点是相信超自然因果关系和仪式的力量。它基于个人信念而非客观现实，涉及主观信仰而非魔术戏法。奇幻思维的影响范围从潜在的积极方面，如带来希望和安慰，到消极后果，包括延误寻求适当医疗护理以及拒绝循证治疗。本文概述了奇幻思维，包括其普遍性、多种形式以及对患者、家庭和急诊医生的影响。本文提供了识别奇幻思维迹象的指导方针，并强调了与患者及其家庭进行尊重和共情互动的重要性。文章强调了奇幻思维在急诊医疗护理中的利弊，讨论了优化患者治疗结果所需的知识和工具。它承认导致奇幻思维普遍存在的不同信仰体系和文化习俗。对于医生和其他急诊专业人员来说，应对奇幻思维需要具备文化能力和共情参与。积极倾听和共同决策对于促进积极的患者治疗结果至关重要。通过识别和理解奇幻思维并促进有效沟通，急诊医生可以在处理患者信念的同时提供循证护理，从而把握好这一微妙的平衡。
