Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, and West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, 16#, Section 3, Renmin Nan Lu, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jul 31;13(1):12361. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-39387-w.
Prospective inter-relationships among biomarkers were unexplored, which may provide mechanistic insights into diseases. We investigated the longitudinal associations of BMI change with trajectories of biomarkers related to cardiometabolic or breast cancer risk. A longitudinal study was conducted among 444 healthy women between 2019 to 2021. Cross‑lagged path analysis was used to examine the temporal relationships among BMI, cardiometabolic risk score (CRS), and obesity‑related proteins score (OPS) of breast cancer. Linear mixed-effect models were applied to investigate associations of time-varying BMI with biomarker-based risk score trajectories. Baseline BMI was associated with subsequent change of breast cancer predictors (P = 0.03), and baseline CRS were positively associated with OPS change (P < 0.001) but not vice versa. After fully adjustment of confounders, we found a 0.058 (95%CI = 0.009-0.107, P = 0.020) units increase of CRS and a 1.021 (95%CI = 0.041-1.995, P = 0.040) units increase of OPS as BMI increased 1 kg/m per year in postmenopausal women. OPS increased 0.784 (95%CI = 0.053-1.512, P = 0.035) units as CRS increased 1 unit per year. However, among premenopausal women, BMI only significantly affected CRS (β = 0.057, 95%CI = 0.007 to 0.107, P = 0.025). No significant change of OPS with time-varying CRS was found. Higher increase rates of BMI were associated with worse trajectories of biomarker-based risk of cardiometabolic and breast cancer. The longitudinal impact of CRS on OPS is unidirectional. Recommendations such as weight control for the reduction of cardiometabolic risk factors may benefit breast cancer prevention, especially in postmenopausal women.
生物标志物之间的前瞻性相互关系尚未得到探索，这可能为疾病的发病机制提供深入了解。我们研究了 BMI 变化与与代谢或乳腺癌风险相关的生物标志物轨迹之间的纵向关联。2019 年至 2021 年间，对 444 名健康女性进行了一项纵向研究。交叉滞后路径分析用于检查 BMI、代谢风险评分 (CRS) 和乳腺癌肥胖相关蛋白评分 (OPS) 之间的时间关系。线性混合效应模型用于研究随时间变化的 BMI 与基于生物标志物的风险评分轨迹之间的关联。基线 BMI 与随后的乳腺癌预测指标变化相关 (P=0.03)，而 CRS 与 OPS 变化呈正相关 (P<0.001)，但反之则不然。在充分调整混杂因素后，我们发现绝经后妇女 BMI 每年增加 1 公斤/平方米，CRS 增加 0.058(95%CI=0.009-0.107，P=0.020)单位，OPS 增加 1.021(95%CI=0.041-1.995，P=0.040)单位。CRS 每年增加 1 个单位，OPS 增加 0.784(95%CI=0.053-1.512，P=0.035)单位。然而，在绝经前妇女中，BMI 仅显著影响 CRS (β=0.057，95%CI=0.007 至 0.107，P=0.025)。随时间变化的 CRS 与 OPS 之间没有发现显著变化。BMI 增加率较高与代谢和乳腺癌生物标志物风险的较差轨迹相关。CRS 对 OPS 的纵向影响是单向的。控制体重以降低代谢危险因素的建议可能有益于乳腺癌预防，尤其是在绝经后妇女中。
