Perkins Douglas D, Sonn Christopher C, Lenzi Michela, Xu Qingwen, Carolissen Ronelle, Portillo Nelson, Serrano-García Irma
Human & Organizational Development, Peabody College, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA.
Department of Psychology, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.
Am J Community Psychol. 2023 Dec;72(3-4):302-316. doi: 10.1002/ajcp.12696. Epub 2023 Aug 1.
This commentary presents a virtual special issue on the global growth of community psychology (CP), particularly, but not exclusively, as reflected in the American Journal of Community Psychology (AJCP). CP exists in at least 50 countries all over the world, in many of those for over 25 years. Yet, aside from several early Israeli articles, AJCP rarely published work from or about countries outside the US and Canada until the early 2000s, when the number of international articles began to rise sharply. The focus of CP developed differently in different continents. CP in Australia and New Zealand initially followed North America's emphasis on improving social service systems, but has since focused more on environmental and indigenous cultural and decolonial issues that are as salient in those countries as in North America, but have drawn much more attention. CP came later to most of Asia, where it also tended to follow the North American path, but starting in Japan, India, and Hong Kong and now in China and elsewhere, it is establishing its own way. The other two global hotspots for CP for over 40 years have been Europe and Latin America. The level and focus of CP in Europe varies in each country, with some focused on applied developmental psychology and/or community services and others advancing critical and liberation psychology. CP in Latin America evolved from social psychology, but like CP in Sub-Saharan Africa, is also more explicitly political due to a history of political oppression, social activism, and the limitations of individualistic psychology to focus on social change, overcoming poverty, and interventions by (not just for) community members. Despite those differences, CP literature over the past 23 years suggests an increasingly common interest in social justice, multinational collaborations, and decoloniality. There is still a need for more truly (bidirectional) cross-cultural, comparative work for mutual learning, sharing of ideas, methods, and intervention practices, and for CP to develop in countries and communities throughout the globe where it could have the greatest impact.
本评论介绍了一期关于社区心理学（CP）全球发展的虚拟特刊，特别是但不限于《美国社区心理学杂志》（AJCP）所反映的情况。CP在全球至少50个国家存在，其中许多国家已有超过25年的历史。然而，除了以色列早期的几篇文章外，直到21世纪初国际文章数量开始急剧增加之前，AJCP很少发表来自美国和加拿大以外国家或关于这些国家的作品。CP在不同大陆的发展重点有所不同。澳大利亚和新西兰的CP最初沿袭北美对改善社会服务系统的重视，但后来更多地关注环境、本土文化和去殖民化问题，这些问题在这些国家与北美一样突出，但受到了更多关注。CP在亚洲大部分地区起步较晚，在那里它也倾向于遵循北美路径，但从日本、印度和香港开始，现在在中国及其他地方，它正在走出自己的道路。另外两个40多年来CP的全球热点地区是欧洲和拉丁美洲。欧洲各国CP的水平和重点各不相同，一些国家侧重于应用发展心理学和/或社区服务，另一些国家则推进批判心理学和解放心理学。拉丁美洲的CP从社会心理学演变而来，但与撒哈拉以南非洲的CP一样，由于政治压迫历史、社会激进主义以及个人主义心理学在关注社会变革、消除贫困和社区成员（而非仅仅为社区成员）干预方面的局限性，也更加明确地具有政治性。尽管存在这些差异，但过去23年的CP文献表明，人们对社会正义、跨国合作和去殖民化的兴趣日益普遍。仍然需要开展更多真正（双向）的跨文化比较研究，以促进相互学习、思想、方法和干预实践的交流，以及让CP在全球可能产生最大影响的国家和社区中发展。
