Dong Hangyu, Sun Haoyuan, Chen Conglin, Zhang Mingyu, Ma Dianrong
Key Laboratory of Northeast Rice Biology and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
Rice (N Y). 2023 Aug 1;16(1):34. doi: 10.1186/s12284-023-00651-2.
Soil fungal microbiomes facilitate a range of beneficial functions for their host plants, and rhizosphere fungal community composition, richness, and diversity affect plant growth and development, and crop yield. Therefore, exploring the community structure and assembly of the rhizosphere fungal microbiome and its relationship with soil biochemical properties are fundamental to elucidating how rice plants benefit from their fungal symbionts. In this study, soil samples were collected at seedling, tillering, heading, and ripening stages of rice subjected to three levels of nitrogen fertilization. Plant growth demonstrates a substantial influence on fungal community composition and diversity. From the tillering to the ripening stage, the fungal communities were governed by homogenizing dispersal and dispersal limitation. The prevalence of Glomeromycota, the beneficial fungi, was considerably higher during the heading stage compared to the three other growth stages. This increase in abundance was strongly associated with increased levels of soil nutrients and enhanced activity of nitrogen acquisition enzymes. This may be a strategy developed by rice grown in flooded soil to recruit beneficial fungi in the rhizosphere to meet high nitrogen demands. Our study findings contribute to elucidating the influence of plant development and nitrogen fertilization on the structure and composition of the fungal community as well as its relationship with soil key soil nutrient content and nitrogen-related enzyme activities. They also illustrate how a shift in the fungal community mediates and reflects the effects of nitrogen fertilization input in rice agroecosystems. These findings provide new insights into the effects of changes in nitrogen application in rice rhizosphere at different growth stages on fungal communities and soil biochemical characteristics.
土壤真菌微生物群为其宿主植物发挥一系列有益功能，根际真菌群落组成、丰富度和多样性影响植物生长发育及作物产量。因此，探索根际真菌微生物群的群落结构、组装及其与土壤生化特性的关系，对于阐明水稻如何从其真菌共生体中获益至关重要。在本研究中，采集了处于三种氮肥水平下水稻幼苗期、分蘖期、抽穗期和成熟期的土壤样本。植物生长对真菌群落组成和多样性有重大影响。从分蘖期到成熟期，真菌群落受同质化扩散和扩散限制的支配。与其他三个生长阶段相比，丛枝菌根真菌（有益真菌）在抽穗期的占比显著更高。这种丰度的增加与土壤养分水平的提高和氮获取酶活性的增强密切相关。这可能是淹水土壤中生长的水稻所采取的一种策略，以在根际招募有益真菌来满足高氮需求。我们的研究结果有助于阐明植物发育和氮肥施用对真菌群落结构和组成的影响，以及其与土壤关键养分含量和氮相关酶活性的关系。它们还说明了真菌群落的转变如何介导和反映水稻农业生态系统中氮肥投入的影响。这些发现为不同生长阶段水稻根际氮素施用变化对真菌群落和土壤生化特性的影响提供了新的见解。
