Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal.
Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2024 Jan;38(1):186-190. doi: 10.1111/jdv.19393. Epub 2023 Aug 9.
Penile cancer is rising in most European countries. Several risk factors have been identified, namely human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. However, the exact role of HPV in penile cancer carcinogenesis is still unknown. Clarifying the contribution of HPV in penile cancer is crucial as it may improve prevention and treatment strategies.
To describe the characteristics of patients with penile cancer and penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN), evaluate the prevalence of HPV-DNA in tumour tissue and identify differences between patients with and without HPV-DNA.
A retrospective observational study including patients with histological diagnosis of penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) or PeIN between 2012 and 2021 in a university hospital was carried out. HPV analysis was performed using Anyplex™ II HPV28 Detection that detects and identifies 28 HPV types. (sensitivity of 95.9%).
A total of 25 patients were included. Most of the tumours identified were invasive SCC (n = 11) and SCC in situ (PeIN 3) (n = 8). PeIN1/2 was found in the remaining six patients. HPV-DNA was tested in all tissue specimens and was detected in 18 of them. High risk HPV DNA was identified in all positive HPV samples, except one. HPV types included in the nonavalent HPV vaccine were identified in 16 of the 18 samples positive for HPV-DNA. Stratifying patients according to HPV-DNA detection, we found that patients with HPV-DNA were younger (57.5 years vs. 70 years, p = 0.047), less likely to have phimosis (5.8% vs. 42.9%, p = 0.022) and more likely to have PeIN lesions than invasive SCC (85.7% vs. 27.8%, p = 0.025).
This study shows a prevalence of HPV-DNA in penile SCC and premalignant lesions of 45.5% and 92.9%, respectively. Identifying HPV involvement in SCC and PeIN pathology has the potential to guide treatment and enhance follow-up strategies.
在大多数欧洲国家，阴茎癌的发病率正在上升。已经确定了一些危险因素，即人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染。然而，HPV 在阴茎癌癌变中的确切作用仍不清楚。阐明 HPV 在阴茎癌中的作用至关重要，因为它可能改善预防和治疗策略。
描述阴茎癌和阴茎上皮内瘤变（PeIN）患者的特征，评估肿瘤组织中 HPV-DNA 的流行情况，并确定有和无 HPV-DNA 的患者之间的差异。
对 2012 年至 2021 年间在一所大学医院接受组织学诊断为阴茎鳞状细胞癌（SCC）或 PeIN 的患者进行回顾性观察性研究。使用 Anyplex™ II HPV28 Detection 进行 HPV 分析，该方法可检测和鉴定 28 种 HPV 类型（灵敏度为 95.9%）。
共纳入 25 例患者。大多数肿瘤为侵袭性 SCC（n=11）和原位 SCC（PeIN3，n=8）。其余 6 例患者为 PeIN1/2。所有组织标本均检测 HPV-DNA，其中 18 例为阳性。在所有 HPV 阳性样本中均检测到高危 HPV DNA，除 1 例外。在 18 例 HPV-DNA 阳性样本中，除 1 例外，均鉴定出九价 HPV 疫苗中包含的 HPV 类型。根据 HPV-DNA 检测对患者进行分层，我们发现 HPV-DNA 阳性患者更年轻（57.5 岁 vs. 70 岁，p=0.047），包茎的可能性较小（5.8% vs. 42.9%，p=0.022），且更有可能患有 PeIN 病变而不是侵袭性 SCC（85.7% vs. 27.8%，p=0.025）。
本研究显示阴茎 SCC 和癌前病变中 HPV-DNA 的流行率分别为 45.5%和 92.9%。确定 HPV 在 SCC 和 PeIN 病理中的参与具有指导治疗和增强随访策略的潜力。
