Ermens A A, Kroes A C, Lindemans J, Abels J
Anticancer Res. 1986 Jul-Aug;6(4):797-800.
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), an effective pyrimidine antimetabolite was evaluated in the BNML rat model of human acute myeloid leukemia. Single injections of 5-FU, 15-50 mg/kg i.p., caused a sharply dose-related reduction of leukemic growth as measured by liver and spleen weights and leucocyte counts. Similar results were obtained with three doses of 5-FU over a period of 10 days. No apparent toxicity was observed in these experiments. A schedule of 25 mg/kg every 5 days extended the survival time of leukemic rats to 156%, as compared to untreated controls. In the BNML model such an increase in lifespan is equivalent to a 10,000 fold reduction of the tumor mass. These results indicate a potential value of 5-FU treatment in human myeloid leukemia. 5-FU, however, is not used in the clinical treatment of leukemia. A review of the literature revealed that there have been very few relevant studies of this application of 5-FU, while the more unique activity of this drug against some solid tumors has been investigated extensively. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is no clear evidence of the ineffectiveness of 5-FU against leukemia, and that further investigations should find out whether the disregard of 5-FU in this respect is justified.
5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）是一种有效的嘧啶抗代谢物，在人类急性髓性白血病的BNML大鼠模型中进行了评估。腹腔注射15 - 50毫克/千克的5-FU单次给药，通过肝脏和脾脏重量以及白细胞计数测量，可导致白血病生长与剂量显著相关的降低。在10天内分三次注射5-FU也获得了类似结果。在这些实验中未观察到明显的毒性。与未治疗的对照组相比，每5天注射25毫克/千克的给药方案将白血病大鼠的存活时间延长至156%。在BNML模型中，这种寿命的增加相当于肿瘤质量减少10000倍。这些结果表明5-FU治疗人类髓性白血病具有潜在价值。然而，5-FU并未用于白血病的临床治疗。对文献的回顾显示，关于5-FU这种应用的相关研究非常少，而该药物对一些实体瘤更独特的活性已得到广泛研究。因此，可以得出结论，没有明确证据表明5-FU对白血病无效，进一步的研究应该弄清楚在这方面忽视5-FU是否合理。
