O'Connell Kathleen A, Newman Diane K, Palmer Mary H
Department of Health and Behavior Studies, Teachers College Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Womens Health Rep (New Rochelle). 2023 Jul 28;4(1):387-399. doi: 10.1089/whr.2023.0022. eCollection 2023.
Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are prevalent across women's life course. Evidence shows toileting behaviors (TBs) and urinary urge cues are related to LUTS. It is unknown when women start using these behaviors and responding to urinary cues.
An online survey was administered to 338 women, 65 years of age and older, to assess the age of onset for 20 TBs from the Toileting Behaviors-Women's Elimination Behavior (TB-WEB) questionnaire, 10 urinary urge cues from the Urinary Cues Questionnaire, and urinary urgency and leakage items from the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Overactive Bladder (ICIQ-OAB) Short Form. Descriptive statistics were reported for each TB and urinary cue. A timeline was generated with the average earliest age of onsets for each type of TB, urinary cues, and urinary urgency and leakage symptoms.
Place preference, delayed voiding, and hovering over toilets away from home were reported to have the earliest ages of onset. Urinary urge cues, premature voiding, and straining to void tended to start after 45 years of age, as did the symptoms of urinary urgency and leakage. The timeline indicated that the earliest place preference and position preference TBs started before 20 years of age.
Some TBs begin early in life and persist into old age, while other TBs and urinary cues begin later. Bladder health promotion may depend on intervening at specific times in the life course to alter TBs and responses, and potentially making environmental changes.
下尿路症状（LUTS）在女性一生中普遍存在。有证据表明，如厕行为（TBs）和尿急提示与LUTS有关。目前尚不清楚女性何时开始采用这些行为以及对尿急提示做出反应。
对338名65岁及以上的女性进行了一项在线调查，以评估来自如厕行为-女性排泄行为（TB-WEB）问卷中的20种如厕行为、来自尿急提示问卷中的10种尿急提示以及来自国际尿失禁咨询委员会-膀胱过度活动症（ICIQ-OAB）简表中的尿急和漏尿项目的发病年龄。报告了每种如厕行为和尿急提示的描述性统计数据。根据每种类型的如厕行为、尿急提示以及尿急和漏尿症状的平均最早发病年龄生成了一个时间线。
据报告，场所偏好、延迟排尿以及在离家的厕所上徘徊的发病年龄最早。尿急提示、过早排尿以及排尿用力往往在45岁以后开始出现，尿急和漏尿症状也是如此。时间线表明，最早的场所偏好和姿势偏好如厕行为在20岁之前就开始了。
一些如厕行为在生命早期就开始并持续到老年，而其他如厕行为和尿急提示则较晚开始。膀胱健康促进可能取决于在生命过程中的特定时间进行干预，以改变如厕行为和反应，并可能进行环境改变。
