Department of Anatomical Dissection and Donation, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Medical University Innsbruck (MUI), Innsbruck, Austria.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2023 Sep;45(9):1125-1134. doi: 10.1007/s00276-023-03198-5. Epub 2023 Aug 2.
Morphological variations of the brachial artery are quite commonly discovered in routine dissection and have been the subject of many studies. However, there is a need for a clear classification. This work presents morphological variations of the brachial artery, based on numerous case reports and studies created for the appropriate classification and interpretation among surgeons and radiologists. It also discusses the most important clinical aspects of the given varieties.
The research method is based on the combined interpretation of the researches based on numerous publications concerning both the principles of correctly classifying the described morphological variations of the brachial artery and the resulting clinical implications. This work considers atypical variations such as the presence of the superficial brachial artery, brachoradial artery, accessory brachial artery and absence of the brachial artery. Variations of the brachial artery in relation to the external and internal diameter of the vessel have also been discussed.
After conducting a complex analysis of the collected data, the fundamental principles for classifying such variability as superficial brachial artery, brachioradial artery and accessory brachial artery were defined. Additionally, clinical implications resulting from the above like the impact of the superficial brachial artery on the median nerve neuropathy and the positive correlation between the brachioradial artery and increased danger of incorrect transradial catheterization were demonstrated.
The clinical implications of the atypical arterial pattern within the upper limb are crucial during the angiography and surgical procedures so the variations affect the appropriate diagnosis and surgical intervention. Hence, the knowledge about the morphological variations of the brachial artery should be constantly broadened by radiologists and surgeons to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of the treatment process.
肱动脉的形态学变异在常规解剖中经常被发现，已经成为许多研究的主题。然而，需要一个明确的分类。本工作根据大量病例报告和研究，提出了肱动脉的形态学变异，旨在为外科医生和放射科医生进行适当的分类和解释。它还讨论了所给变异的最重要的临床方面。
研究方法是基于对大量出版物中关于正确分类描述的肱动脉形态学变异及其产生的临床意义的研究的综合解释。本工作考虑了不典型的变异，如浅表肱动脉、肱桡动脉、副肱动脉和肱动脉缺失。还讨论了肱动脉与血管内外径的变异。
经过对收集数据的复杂分析，定义了将浅表肱动脉、肱桡动脉和副肱动脉等变异分类的基本原则。此外，还演示了由此产生的临床意义，如浅表肱动脉对正中神经神经病的影响，以及肱桡动脉与不正确经桡动脉导管插入术危险增加之间的正相关关系。
上肢非典型动脉模式的临床意义在血管造影和手术过程中至关重要，因此变异会影响适当的诊断和手术干预。因此，放射科医生和外科医生应不断拓宽对肱动脉形态学变异的认识，以提高治疗过程的准确性和有效性。
