US 49 Analyses, CIRAD, F-34398, Montpellier, France; Analyses, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France.
UPR Recyclage et Risque, CIRAD, F-34398, Montpellier, France; Recyclage et Risque, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France.
Chemosphere. 2023 Nov;340:139684. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139684. Epub 2023 Jul 31.
Trace minerals such as copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are animal nutrition supplements necessary for livestock health and breeding performance, yet they also have environmental impacts via animal excretion. Here we investigated changes in Cu and Zn speciation from the feed additive to the broiler excreta stages. The aim of this study was to assess whether different Cu and Zn feed additives induce different Cu and Zn speciation patterns, and to determine the extent to which this speciation is preserved throughout the feed-animal-excreta system. Synchrotron-based X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was used for this investigation. The principal findings were: (i) in feed, Cu and Zn speciation changed rapidly from the feed additive signature (Cu and Zn oxides or Cu and Zn sulfates) to Cu and Zn organic complexes (Cu phytate and Zn phytate). (ii) in the digestive tract, we showed that Cu and Zn phytate were major Cu and Zn species; Cu sulfide and Zn amorphous phosphate species were detected but remained minor species. (iii) in fresh excreta, Cu sulfide and Zn amorphous phosphate were major species. These results should help to: (i) enhance the design of future research studies comparing different feed additive performances; (ii) assess Cu and Zn bioavailability in the digestive tract; (iii) gain further insight into the fate of Cu and Zn in cultivated soils when poultry manure is used as fertilizer.
痕量矿物质，如铜（Cu）和锌（Zn），是动物营养补充剂，对牲畜的健康和繁殖性能至关重要，但它们也会通过动物排泄对环境产生影响。在这里，我们研究了从饲料添加剂到肉鸡排泄物阶段铜和锌形态的变化。本研究的目的是评估不同的铜和锌饲料添加剂是否会导致不同的铜和锌形态模式，并确定这种形态在整个饲料-动物-排泄物系统中保持的程度。本研究采用基于同步加速器的 X 射线吸收光谱（XAS）进行。主要发现如下：（i）在饲料中，铜和锌的形态迅速从饲料添加剂特征（铜和锌的氧化物或铜和锌的硫酸盐）转变为铜和锌的有机复合物（植酸铜和植酸锌）。（ii）在消化道中，我们表明植酸铜和植酸锌是主要的铜和锌形态；检测到硫化铜和无定形磷酸锌，但仍属于次要形态。（iii）在新鲜排泄物中，硫化铜和无定形磷酸锌是主要形态。这些结果应该有助于：（i）增强比较不同饲料添加剂性能的未来研究设计；（ii）评估消化道中铜和锌的生物利用度；（iii）当禽粪用作肥料时，深入了解铜和锌在耕地中的命运。
