Konadu Bridget, Cox Carol K, Garrett Michael R, Gibert Yann
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA.
iScience. 2023 Jun 7;26(7):107063. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107063. eCollection 2023 Jul 21.
Zebrafish embryos use their yolk sac reserve as the sole nutrient source during embryogenesis. The two main forms of energy fuel can be found in the form of glucose or fat. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to glucose or injected with free fatty acid/Triacylglycerol (FFA/TAG) into the yolk sac at 24 hpf. At 72 hpf, glucose exposed or FFA/TAG injected had differential effects on gene expression in embryos, with fat activating lipolysis and β-oxidation and glucose activating the insulin pathway. Bulk RNA-seq revealed that more gene expression was affected by glucose exposure compared to FFA/TAGs injection. Appetite-controlling genes were also differently affected by glucose exposure or FFA/TAG injections. Because the embryo did not yet feed itself at the time of our analysis, gene expression changes occurred in absence of actual hunger and revealed how the embryo manages its nutrient intake before active feeding.
斑马鱼胚胎在胚胎发育过程中利用其卵黄囊储备作为唯一的营养来源。两种主要的能量燃料形式以葡萄糖或脂肪的形式存在。在受精后24小时（hpf），将斑马鱼胚胎暴露于葡萄糖中，或将游离脂肪酸/三酰甘油（FFA/TAG）注入卵黄囊中。在受精后72小时，暴露于葡萄糖或注入FFA/TAG的胚胎对基因表达有不同影响，脂肪激活脂解作用和β-氧化，而葡萄糖激活胰岛素途径。大量RNA测序显示，与注入FFA/TAG相比，暴露于葡萄糖对基因表达的影响更大。食欲控制基因也受到葡萄糖暴露或FFA/TAG注射的不同影响。由于在我们分析时胚胎尚未自行进食，基因表达变化是在没有实际饥饿的情况下发生的，这揭示了胚胎在主动进食之前如何管理其营养摄入。
