The Effects of Calcium Hydroxide-loaded Poly(Lactic-co-glycolic Acid) Biodegradable Nanoparticles in the External Inflammatory Root Resorption Model.

AIM

To evaluate the calcium ions (Ca) diffusion of calcium hydroxide-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) biodegradable nanoparticles [Ca(OH)-loaded PLGA NPs] compared with conventional Ca(OH) in a simulated external root resorption model using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Thirty human mandibular premolars were prepared by sectioning the root segments to create roots measuring 10 mm from the anatomical apex. The root canals were instrumented and irrigated. The external root surface cavities were created. The specimens were randomly divided into the following three groups: Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA; control group, = 10), conventional calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)] (Metapaste, = 10), and Ca(OH)-loaded PLGA NPs [15% Ca(OH), = 10]. The intracanal materials were placed in the root canals, and the teeth were stored in phosphate-buffered saline at 37°C. The release of Ca was measured at 7, 30, and 60 days using ICP-MS.

RESULTS

Both Ca(OH)-loaded PLGA NPs and Metapaste groups exhibited higher levels of Ca release compared to the PLGA group at all time points. During the initial 7-day period, the Ca(OH)-loaded PLGA NPs exhibited a significantly greater release of Ca compared to Metapaste. From day 7 to day 30, Metapaste displayed a significantly higher release of Ca than the Ca(OH)-loaded PLGA NPs, but it experienced a subsequent decline in Ca release after the 30-day period. After the 30-day mark, the Ca(OH)-loaded PLGA NPs once again exhibited a significantly higher release of Ca compared to Metapaste.

CONCLUSION

The Ca(OH)-loaded PLGA NPs exhibited sustained release of Ca that exceeded conventional Ca(OH), particularly during the first week, demonstrating a greater amount of Ca release.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

The utilization of Ca(OH)-loaded PLGA NPs as an intracanal medication for external inflammatory root resorption provided sustained release and had the potential to enhance the efficacy of inhibiting root resorption more effectively than conventional Ca(OH).