Barouei Javad, Martinic Alice, Bendiks Zach, Mishchuk Darya, Heeney Dustin, Slupsky Carolyn M, Marco Maria L
Integrated Food Security Research Center, College of Agriculture and Human Sciences, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX; Department of Food Science & Technology, University of California, Davis, CA.
Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA.
Nutr Res. 2023 Oct;118:12-28. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.07.003. Epub 2023 Jul 20.
Little is known about how combining a probiotic with prebiotic dietary fiber affects the ability of either biotic to improve health. We hypothesized that prebiotic, high-amylose maize type 2-resistant starch (RS) together with probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum NCIMB8826 (LP) as a complementary synbiotic results in additive effects on the gut microbiota in diet-induced obese mice and other body sites. Diet-induced obese C57BL/6J male mice were fed a high-fat diet adjusted to contain RS (20% by weight), LP (10 cells every 48 hours), or both (RS+LP) for 6 weeks. As found for mice fed RS, cecal bacterial alpha diversity was significantly reduced in mice given RS+LP compared with those fed LP and high-fat controls. Similarly, both RS+LP and RS also conferred lower quantities of cecal butyrate and serum histidine and higher ileal TLR2 transcript levels and adipose tissue interleukin-6 protein. As found for mice fed LP, RS+LP-fed mice had higher colonic tissue TH17 cytokines, reduced epididymal fat immune and oxidative stress responses, reduced serum carnitine levels, and increased transcript quantities of hepatic carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1α. Notably, compared with RS and LP consumed separately, there were also synergistic increases in colonic glucose and hepatic amino acids as well antagonistic effects of LP on RS-mediated increases in serum adiponectin and urinary toxin levels. Our findings show that it is not possible to fully predict outcomes of synbiotic applications based on findings of the probiotic or the prebiotic tested separately; therefore, studies should be conducted to test new synbiotic formulations.
关于将益生菌与益生元膳食纤维结合使用如何影响二者改善健康的能力，目前所知甚少。我们推测，益生元、高直链玉米2型抗性淀粉（RS）与益生菌植物乳杆菌NCIMB8826（LP）作为一种互补合生元，会对饮食诱导肥胖小鼠的肠道微生物群以及其他身体部位产生累加效应。将饮食诱导肥胖的C57BL/6J雄性小鼠喂食含RS（重量的20%）、LP（每48小时10个菌）或二者皆有（RS+LP）的高脂饮食6周。与喂食LP和高脂对照的小鼠相比，喂食RS+LP的小鼠盲肠细菌α多样性显著降低，情况与喂食RS的小鼠相同。同样，RS+LP组和RS组小鼠的盲肠丁酸、血清组氨酸含量均较低，回肠TLR2转录水平和脂肪组织白细胞介素-6蛋白含量较高。与喂食LP的小鼠情况相同，喂食RS+LP的小鼠结肠组织TH17细胞因子水平较高，附睾脂肪免疫和氧化应激反应降低，血清肉碱水平降低，肝脏肉碱棕榈酰转移酶1α的转录量增加。值得注意的是，与单独食用RS和LP相比，结肠葡萄糖和肝脏氨基酸也有协同增加，并且LP对RS介导的血清脂联素和尿液毒素水平升高有拮抗作用。我们的研究结果表明，不可能根据单独测试的益生菌或益生元的结果来完全预测合生元应用的结果；因此，应该开展研究来测试新的合生元配方。
