Aja University of Medical Sciences, Besat Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Aja University of Medical Sciences, Besat Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2023 Dec;44:103730. doi: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103730. Epub 2023 Aug 1.
To compare the retinal vascular density (VD), choroidal vascularity index (CVI), and choroidal thickness (CHT) between patients infected with COVID-19 and healthy subjects using non-invasive optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and enhanced depth imaging OCT (EDI-OCT) technique. This case-control study was carried out on patients with COVID-19 and healthy controls. Patients' data were acquired immediately after active infection and three months later. The diagnosis was based on clinical symptoms and a positive PCR test. VDs in superficial and deep capillary plexuses (SCP and DCP) and CHT and CVI were measured and compared between groups. A total of 160 eyes from 80 patients (55% female, mean age 51 ± 13 years) and 80 controls (55% female, mean age 49 ± 12 years) were enrolled. In acute phase infection, the mean foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area was 0.28 ± 0.06 mm and 0.22 ± 0.05 mm in patient and control groups, respectively (P < 0.001). CVI was 61.06 ± 2.59 µm and 72.28 ± 3.84 µm in patients and control groups, respectively (P < 0.001). After three months, the mean FAZ area was 0.28 ± 0.06 mm and 0.23 ± 0.05 mm in the patient and control groups, respectively (P < 0.001). CVI was 60.93 ± 2.11 µm and 72.46 ± 3.80 µm in patients and control groups, respectively (P < 0.001). Subfoveal CHT was not significantly different between groups (P = 0.69). SCP and DCP VDs were significantly less in the patients' group (P < 0.001). In the patients' group, the VDs in the DCP of the whole images and parafoveal DCP (P < 0.001) were reduced significantly after three months in comparison to the acute phase, while the FAZ area, subfoveal CHT, and CVI were not significantly different. COVID-19 infection may be associated with acute and long-term changes of VDs in the retinal and choroidal vasculature without significant effect on the subfoveal CHT.
使用非侵入性光学相干断层扫描血管造影术 (OCTA) 和增强深度成像 OCT (EDI-OCT) 技术比较 COVID-19 感染患者与健康受试者的视网膜血管密度 (VD)、脉络膜血管指数 (CVI) 和脉络膜厚度 (CHT)。这项病例对照研究对 COVID-19 患者和健康对照组进行了研究。患者的数据在活动性感染后立即和三个月后采集。诊断基于临床症状和阳性 PCR 检测。比较组间浅层和深层毛细血管丛 (SCP 和 DCP) 的 VD 和 CHT 和 CVI。共纳入 80 例患者（55%女性，平均年龄 51±13 岁）和 80 例对照组（55%女性，平均年龄 49±12 岁）的 160 只眼。在急性感染期，患者组和对照组的平均中央无血管区 (FAZ) 面积分别为 0.28±0.06mm 和 0.22±0.05mm（P<0.001）。患者组和对照组的 CVI 分别为 61.06±2.59µm 和 72.28±3.84µm（P<0.001）。三个月后，患者组和对照组的平均 FAZ 面积分别为 0.28±0.06mm 和 0.23±0.05mm（P<0.001）。患者组和对照组的 CVI 分别为 60.93±2.11µm 和 72.46±3.80µm（P<0.001）。组间鼻侧下脉络膜厚度无显著差异（P=0.69）。SCP 和 DCP 的 VD 在患者组中明显较低（P<0.001）。在患者组中，与急性期相比，三个月后整个图像和旁中心 DCP 的 DCP 血管密度（P<0.001）明显降低，而 FAZ 面积、鼻侧下脉络膜厚度和 CVI 无显著差异。COVID-19 感染可能与视网膜和脉络膜血管的急性和长期 VD 变化相关，而对鼻侧下脉络膜厚度无明显影响。
