Pediatrics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Pediatrics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Clin Perinatol. 2023 Sep;50(3):591-606. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2023.04.013. Epub 2023 Jun 1.
Inadequate intake of calcium and phosphorus during the perinatal period can result in metabolic bone disease (MBD), characterized by decreased bone mass, altered bone mineralization, and increased risk for fractures. Preterm neonates have higher risk of developing MBD. Treating MBD involves ensuring adequate calcium and phosphorus intake, early fortification, and vitamin D supplementation. Health care providers should closely monitor nutrient intake, postnatal growth, and screening of preterm neonates at risk for MBD. This review summarizes the critical roles of calcium and phosphorus in regulating bone physiology, how they regulate bone formation and resorption, and their influence on overall bone health.
围产期钙磷摄入不足可导致代谢性骨病（MBD），其特征为骨量减少、骨矿物质化改变和骨折风险增加。早产儿发生 MBD 的风险更高。治疗 MBD 包括确保充足的钙和磷摄入、早期强化以及补充维生素 D。医护人员应密切监测营养摄入、产后生长情况以及有 MBD 风险的早产儿的筛查。本文综述了钙和磷在调节骨生理学中的关键作用，它们如何调节骨形成和吸收，以及它们对整体骨健康的影响。
